Will /s h al l/’l l + infin iti ve

Predictions

Technological changes
will become more and more important.

Global warming will cause a lot of problems.

Will /s h al l/’l l + infin iti ve

Decisions made at the time of speaking

Ok, then we’ll meet on Sunday afternoon.

Asking for urgent advice

“I’ve lost my passport. What shall I do?”

“You should go straight to the police. Shall we go together?”
Will /s h al l/’l l + infin iti ve

Requests, agreements and refusals

“Will you help me?”

“Yes, I will.”
“No, I won’t!”
Will /s h al l/’l l + infin iti ve

Invitations and offers

“Will you come to my party?”

“Yes, I‘ll be delighted to.”
“I’m afraid I will not be able to.”

“Shall I carry your computer?” “Yes, please.”

 Will/shall/’ll

Promises, threats, hopes, fears

I’ll bring you a surprise gift from my holiday.

I’ll be really angry if you’re late again.

I’ll have to punish you.

I’ll see you again, won’t I?

Well, I hope we’ll meet again, but I’m not sure.
Be goin g to + infin i tive

Future events that are already decided

I’ve decided what to get Mary for her birthday.

I’m going to buy her the latest mobile phone.

“What are you going to do this afternoon?”

“I’m going to finish revising this book.”
Be goin g to + infin i tive

Prediction with present evidence

Look at the time! We’re going to be late again!

Look at that cloud – there’s going to be a tornado!

Pre s e nt conti n uou s

Definite plans and arrangements

“Are you doing anything this evening, honey?”
“Yes, I’m meeting my boyfriend at 8 o’clock.”

The old factory is going to be demolished and a new

hotel is going to be built.
Present simple

Normal states, in subordinate time clauses,

timetables, programmed events

If water is heated to 212 degrees Farenheit, it boils.

I will phone you as soon as I arrive.

“What time does the film begin?”

“It doesn’t begin until 3:30.”
Be abo u t to + infin iti ve

Something that will happen very soon

Ladies and gentlemen, please sit down.

The show is about to start.
I was just about to leave the stadium when our
team scored a goal.