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 Basic Mathematics
Baby Identities
(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
(a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab
 Basic Mathematics
Baby Identities
(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
(a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab

Q Thse baby identites will help u solve :

x4 - 5x3 + 8x2 - 5x + 1 = 0

mazaak mazaak mein.

 Question!

Q Prove that cos4θ + sin4θ = 1 - 2cos2θ sin2θ

Solution :

L.H.S = cos4θ + sin4θ

= (sin2θ + cos2θ)2 - 2sin2θ cos2θ
= 1 - 2sin2θ cos2θ [∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1]
= R.H.S
Observations

a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 - 2ab and a2 + b2 = (a - b)2 + 2ab

In particular, we can write
 Question!

Q then what is the value of

Ex 5
Solution :
 Question!

Q then what is the value of

A ±4

B ±3

C ±2

D ±1
 Question!

Q then what is the value of

A ±4

B ±3

C ±2

D ±1
Solution :
Recall :
 Question!

Q Solve
Solution :
 Question!

Q Solve x4 - 5x3 + 8x2 - 5x + 1 = 0

Solution :
 Question!

Q Solve x4 - 2x3 + 3x2 - 2x + 1 = 0

Solution :
Recall:

(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)

 Question!

Q If a2 + b2 + c2 = 10 and a + b + c = 0, then the value of

ab + bc + ca is equal to _____.

A 5

B 10

C -5

D None of these
 Question!

Q If a2 + b2 + c2 = 10 and a + b + c = 0, then the value of

ab + bc + ca is equal to _____.

A 5

B 10

C -5

D None of these
Solution :

We know that (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca

⇒ (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ 0 = 10 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ ab + bc + ca = -5
 Baby Identities

(a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b)
(a - b)3 = a3 - b3 - 3ab(a - b)
 Question!

Q Prove that cos6θ + sin6θ = 1 - 3sin2θ cos2θ.

Solution :

L.H.S = sin6θ + cos6θ

= (sin2θ)3 + (cos2θ)3
= (sin2θ + cos2θ)3 - 3 sin2θ cos2θ (sin2θ + cos2θ)
= 1 - 3sin2θ cos2θ [∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1]
= 1 - 3 sin2θ cos2θ
= R.H.S
Observations

a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 - 3ab(a + b) and a3 - b3 = (a - b)3 + 3ab(a - b)

and
 Question!

Q If x - y = 4 and xy = 21, then what is the value of x3 - y3 ?

A 64

B 252

C 316

D 84
 Question!

Q If x - y = 4 and xy = 21, then what is the value of x3 - y3 ?

A 64

B 252

C 316

D 84
Solution :

We know that
x3 - y3 = (x - y)3 + 3xy(x - y)
= (4)3 + 3(21) (4)
= 64 + 252
x3 - y3 = 316
Daddy Identities
 Daddy Identities

(1) a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca = [(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2]

 Daddy Identities

(1) a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca = [(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2]

Observations

a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca = 0 ⇒ a = b = c
Q Find the relation between p, q and r in the following case.
(a) p2 + q2 + r2 - pq - qr - rp = 0
(b) 4p2 + 16q2 + r2 - 8pq - 4qr - 2rp = 0
(c) 49p2 + 9q2 + 81r2 + 21pq -27 qr +63 rp = 0
Q Find the relation between p, q and r in the following case.
(a) p2 + q2 + r2 - pq - qr - rp = 0
Solution :
 Find the relation between p, q and r in the following case.
Q
(b) 4p2 + 16q2 + r2 - 8pq - 4qr - 2rp = 0
Solution :
Q Find the relation between p, q and r in the following case.
(c) 49p2 + 9q2 + 81r2 + 21pq -27 qr +63 rp = 0
Solution :
 Question!

Q Find relation between x, y and z,

if x2 + 9y2 + 25z2 = xyz

A x = 2y = 3z

B x = 3y = 5z

C x = -3y = 5z

D x = -3y = 5z
 Question!

Q Find relation between x, y and z,

if x2 + 9y2 + 25z2 = xyz

A x = 2y = 3z

B x = 3y = 5z

C x = -3y = 5z

D x = -3y = 5z
Solution :

x2 + 9y2 + 25z2 - 15yz - 5xz - 3yx = 0

x2 + (3y)2 + (5z)2 - (3y)(5z) - (5z)x - (3y)x = 0
x = 3y = 5z
 Daddy Identities

(2) a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)

Observations

a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0 ⇒ a + b + c = 0 or a = b = c = 0
 Question!

Q Find positive numbers x, y and z such that x + 4y + 2z = 12

and x3 + 64y3 + 8z3 = 24xyz
Solution :

x3 + (4y)3 + (2z)3 = 3[(x) (4y) (2z)]

x + 4y + 2z = 0 or x = 4y = 2z
Since, x + 4y + 2z = 12 thus x = 4y = 2z = k (say)
Putting in x + 4y + 2z = 12
We get k = 4,
∴ x = 4, y = 1, z = 2
 Question!

Q If a + b + c = 4 and ab + bc + ca = 5 then find a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc

Solution :
Then,
a2 + b2 + c2 = (a + b + c)2 - 2(ab + bc + ca)
= 16 - 2(5)
=6
Now,
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)
= (4) (6 - 5))
= 4(1) = 4
Inequalities
Intervals and their Representation on Real Lines:
1. x > 2

2. x < 2

3. x ≥ 2

4. x ≤ 2
Intervals and their Representation on Real Lines:
5. 2 < x ≤ 4

6. 2 ≤ x ≤ 5

7. 1 < x < 4

8. 1 < x < 3 or 5 < x < 9

1. it is also written as x ∈ (2, ∞)
2
2. it is also written as x ∈ (-∞, 2)
2

3. it is also written as x ∈ [2, ∞)

2

4. it is also written as x ∈ (-∞, 2]

2

5. it is also written as x ∈ (2, 4]

2 4

6. it is also written as x ∈ [2, 5]

2 5

7. it is also written as x ∈ (1, 4)

1 4

8. 1 3
it 5is also
9
written as (1, 3) ∪ (5, 9) We use ‘∪’ to represent it.
Basics of Inequalities
Basics of Inequalities
 Basics of Inequalities
if a & b are of same sign i.e. ab > 0

4. a > b

if a & b are of opposite sign i.e. ab < 0

Q Solve for x:

1. x - 3 > 0

2. 3x - 2 < 0

3. -3x + 2 < 0
Behaviour of Reciprocals
Behaviour of Reciprocals

-1 0 1
MASTER CLASS
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