The Tejeros Assembly

The Tejeros Convention 

(alternate names include Tejeros Assembly and Tejeros Congress) was

the meeting held on March 1897 between
the Magdiwang and Magdalo factions of the Katipunan.

These are the first presidential and vice presidential elections in

Philippine history, although only the Katipuneros (members of the
Katipunan) were able to take part, and not the general populace.
THE FIRST MEETING OF TEJEROS
- On March 22, 1897, the Magdiwang and Magdalo councils met
once more, this time at the friar estate house in Tejeros, a barrio
of San Francisco de Malabon. This convention proved even
stormier than the Imus meeting and, as in Imus, the declared
objective of the meeting was not even discussed.
- According to Jacinto Lumbreras, a Magdiwang and first presiding
officer of the Tejeros convention, the meeting had been called to
adopt measure for the defense of Cavite
Purpose:
 The convention was called to discuss the defense of Cavite
against the Spaniards during the Philippine Revolution.

To discuss the escalating tension between

the Magdalo and Magdiwang forces;

 And also to settle once and for all the issue of governance
within the Katipunan through an election.
ELECTION RESULTS:
Andrés Bonifacio, the contemporary Supremo (supreme leader) of
the Katipunan, presided over the election.

Position Name Faction

President Emilio Aguinaldo Magdalo

Vice-President Mariano Trías Magdiwang

Captain-General Artemio Ricarte Magdiwang

Director of War Emiliano Riego de Dios Magdiwang

Director of the Interior Andrés Bonifacio Magdiwang

- Emilio Aguinaldo had been awarded the highest prize of the
Revolution on his own birth anniversary, although he was not
present, being busy at a military front in Pasong Santol, a barrio
of Imus. As for Bonifacio, the death-blow to the Katipunan and
his election as a mere Director of the Interior showed clearly that
he had been maneuvered out of power.
- But another insult was yet to follow. Evidently, the Caviteño elite
could not accept an “uneducated” man, and a non-Caviteño at that,
even for the minor post of Director of the Interior. Daniel Tirona
protested Bonifacio’s election saying that the post should not be
occupied by a person without a lawyer’s diploma.
- This was clearly an intended insult. It naturally infuriated
Bonifacio who thereupon hotly declared: “I, as chairman of this
assembly and as President of the Supreme Council of the
Katipunan, as all of you do not deny, declare this assembly
dissolved, and I annul all that has been approved and resolved.”
The Second Meeting at Tejeros
Aguinaldo, who was at Pasong Santol, a barrio of Dasmariñas, was
notified the following day of his election to the Presidency. At first,
he refused to leave his men who were preparing to fight the enemy,
but his elder brother, Crispulo Aguinaldo, persuaded him to take
the oath of office, promising to take his place and would not allow
the enemy to overrun the place without dying in its defense.
- Meanwhile, Bonifacio and his men, numbering forty-five, again
met at the estate-house of Tejeros on March 23. All of them felt
bad about the results of the previous day’s proceedings, for they
believed that anomalies were committed during the balloting.
Convinced that the election held was invalid, they drew up a
document, now called the Acta de Tejeros, in which they gave
their reasons for not adopting the results of the convention held
the previous day.
ARTEMIO RICARTE

ANDRÉS BONIFACIO

Santiago Álvarez
ARTEMIO RICARTE
- Born on October 20, 1866 in Batac, Ilocos
Norte

- He finished his early studies in his hometown and

moved to Manila for his tertiary education.

- Also known as Gen. Vibora

- He was one of the officials of the Magdiwang Fraction.

­ From the legal union and matrimony of Esteban Ricarte y Faustino with Bonifacia
Garcia y Rigonan were born three children: Uno, Artemio, and Ylumidad

­ 1st Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines

­ co-founder of the pro-Japanese group MAKAPILI

- Died July 31, 1945 (aged 78) and died because of dysentery.

ANDRÉS BONIFACIO
­ Born on November 30, 1863 in
Tondo, Manila

­ He was the first of four children

of Catalina de Castro, a Spanish Mestiza,
and Santiago Bonifacio, a Teniente Mayor
of Tondo.

­ Also known as the Supremo and the

Father of Katipunan.
­ Spouse(s): Monica (1880-1890) Gregoria de Jesus (1893-1897)

­ Children: Andres de Jesus Bonifacio, Jr. (born on early 1896 died in infancy)

­ Died on May 10, 1897 (aged 33) because of execution ordered by Emilio Aguinaldo.
Santiago Álvarez
- A native of Imus, Cavite, Santiago was the only
child of revolutionary general Mariano Alvarez
and Nicolasa Virata. 

- Born on July 25, 1872 in Imus, Cavite

- He was a revolutionary general and a founder and honorary president of the first
directorate of the Nacionalista Party.

- Also known as Kidlat ng Apoy

-  he was rejoiced in the present-day Cavite City as the “Hero” of the Battle of Dalahican.

- Died on October 30, 1930 (aged 58) in San Pablo, Laguna because of Paralysis