ALARM

I N T E G R AT I V E P R O J E C T
 INTRODUCTION
This integrative project involves an alarm as the main idea trying to involve
different analysis or studies.

Within the project you will see a circuit that can be applied for its function of
burglar alarm, a problem in which the cooling law of newton will be used to
know as who says the cooling of the capacitor, you will also see another
problem in which will be developed in a way that is a problem of the matter of
resistance of materials using the law of statically indeterminate, also includes a
table that is like a format in which is called IPER matrix and finally is included
as it is that it will how to measure the level of the noise caused by the alarm
ALARMS AND ITS PURPOSE

• An alarm means any mechanism, equipment or device which is

designed to detect an unauthorized entry into any building or onto
any property, or to direct attention to a robbery, or other emergency
in progress.
• The purpose of an alarm system is to let the user and the appropriate
authorities know whenever there is an emergency. This includes an
intrusion, fire, environmental problem or medical crisis. The system
identifies these emergencies using various sensors.
ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS
A type of alarm that tries to represent these ones used in houses or
stores, which activated before peoples way out at the closure time; if
someone tries to break in to the place, the alarm activates and start to
sound until the passcode is used or the alarm its deactivated.
ALARM CIRCUIT
It’s made out an SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) that receives a certain voltage
to the gate. The alarm is designed to be used with two switches S1 and S2,
normally open or close. When arming the circuit (connecting the battery), the
normally closed switch S2 is opened, or the normally open switch S1 is closed, a
positive voltage will be applied to the SCR gate, making it conduct. The LED
will light up and the buzzer connected to points 1 and 2 will activate.
SCR
• A SCR is short for Silicon Controlled Rectifier, it is a semiconductor device of
thyristors , which works as a switch controlled by a voltage.
• The Symbol of the SCR will be similar to that of the diode, additionally; it has
a gate terminal.
• Is a unidirectional device that allows the current to flow in one direction and
opposes it in another direction. It can be turned ON or OFF by controlling the
biasing conditions or the gate input.
• The alarm works, when the Gate of the SCR receives a signal, in the case for
the alarm being applied in real life, it can be understood that when a door is
opened the switch S2 its closed and therefore passes energy that activate the
SCR which activates the alarm getting a fixed light provided by the LED and a
buzzer sound. The way to silence the alarm is by disconnecting the current
given, so the SCR do not receive it.
PHYSICAL METROLOGY

This time the instrument will be applied is a measuring instrument for

the measurement of sound, this in order to know the intensity and the
noise level that can be obtained in an alarm, or simply to know if it
emits any sound.
The importance of this is that our ears can tolerate 90 to 115 decibels
and a specific measurement must be carried out on the sound of the
alarm.
SONOMETER
The Sonometer consists of a calibrated microphone, electronic circuits,
and a display. The microphone detects small air pressure variations
associated with sound and converts them into electrical signals. The
aforementioned signals are then processed using the instrument's
electronic circuit . The display shows the sound level in decibels
The internal parts of a meter include a
microphone, preamplifier, range control, time
average, level indicator, and various filters.
The filters sometimes are contained in a
separate module that may be attached to the
meter, or are an integral part of the meter
itself
 RESISTANCE OF MATERIAL

For this subject is used the topic of "statically indeterminate axially loaded
member“ this types of problems can be solved in two ways, algebraically
and superstatically.
The alarm is located on a wall, when a force is applied on it, it doesn´t
deform and, and there are not movements. When a force is applied to a
material, it deforms, but since in this case it is in equilibrium, there are no
deformations.
PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION

The resultant stress or displacement is used algebraically summing the

stress or displacement it can have.
This is used because the alarm is attached to a wall, so we calculate the
displacement that the alarm has towards the wall, where the forces and
displacements are calculated.