HEALTH AND

NUTRITION
Presented by: G
 L2.C Objectives: Weight Management
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
• Formulate the best weight management programs to combat overweight
and obesity.
• Examine and evaluate why personal dieting does not work.
• Define compulsive overeating and recognize its early warning signs.
• Identify the common eating disorders, and discuss ways to prevent them.
 OVERWEIGHTNESS AND OBESITY
• Refers to the condition of weighing more than what is considered to
be the normal weight for an individual based on their age and
height.

• It is characterized by the excessive and unhealthy amounts of body

fat which can lead to an increased risk in diseases.
 THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ESTIMATES…

35 percent of the adult population in an industrialized nation is obese.

Implying a higher risk of developing over 35 major diseases as mentioned by
the National Institute of Diabetes and Kidney and Digestive Diseases, 2005.
 Common consequences
1. Health Consequences
-Higher risk for non-communicable diseases
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Breathing problems such as asthma
- Hypertension, also known as High blood pressure.
- Premature death. (Dying early.)
2. Psychological consequences
- Individuals will experience what is known as “Psychosocial Morbidity”
wherein an individual, be it a child or an adult, will suffer from the psychological
and social consequences for merely being overweight/obese due to reasons such as
depression, social anxiety, eating disorders, trauma at an early age and more.

3. Social Consequences
- Society has been taught to perceive overweight and obese people in a negative
light; lazy, no willpower, unattractive, or those who make poor choices in general
thereby resulting in discrimination and bias in various areas of society that limits
an individual from receiving the same societal benefits as those weighing less.
(Example: Employment opportunities, salary raise and job
promotion)
 WHAT IS A FAD DIET?
A popular way of losing weight is that of a FAD DIET, which is a process that
gives an individual the ability to lose weight in a short amount of time.
 THE MOST POPULAR

LOW-CARBOHYDRATE
HIGH-PROTEIN (LCHP) DIET PLANS
1. Low-carb Diet
2. Atkins Diet
3. The Zone
4. Protein Power
5. Scarsdale Diet
6. The carb-addict’s and Sugar Busters
The Energy Balance Equation
 SEIGER’S (1998)

PROPOSED GUIDELINES
TO
PERSONAL DIETING
1. Does it encourage a weight loss of no
more than one to two pounds a week?

2. Does it encourage physical activity?

3. Does it contain a section of nutritious food?

 4. Does it emphasize medium-sized
foods?

5. Does it use foods that are easy to located and prepare?

6. Does it give you enough variety?

7. Can you follow it wherever you eat – at home,
works, restaurants, social events?

8. Is the cost reasonable?

9. Can you live on this diet for the rest of your life?
 COMPULSIVE OVEREATING
• Characterized by a lack of control in food intake.
• Several characteristics: Processing of food differently, lack of control in
stopping oneself from overeating, often choosing sweets and foods high
sugar, eating to fight stress or avoid their problems.
 KANIPE (1998)

EARLY SIGNS OF
COMPULSIVE OVEREATING
 1. Turning to foods when depressed or
lonely, when feeling rejected, or a reward.

2. A history of failed diets.

3. Preoccupied with food throughout the day.

4. Eating quickly and without pleasure.

5. Frequent talking about food or refusing to talk about food.

6. Fear of not being able to stop eating.

7. Continuing to eat even when stomach is full.

8. Experiencing stress when eating.

9. Body weight is 10 percent or more above ideal weight.

 WEIGHT DISORDERS
AND EATING DISORDERS
1. Anorexia Nervosa – The loss of appetite. An extreme
disorder where people severely limit the amount of food they
consume. It is more common among teenage girls and young
women. It can cause kidney problems and malnutrition which
can then lead to memory lapses, hallucination, paranoia, and
lethargy. This condition seeks immediate medical attention and
psychological help.
2. Bulimia – Common eating disorder characterized by
consuming large quantities of food in one sitting secretly
before vomiting.
Signs that a person is suffering from Bulimia:
a) Recurrent eating binges that the individual realize are abnormal
but cannot stop voluntarily.
b) Eating binges followed by abdominal pain, sleep, or self-
inducing vomiting.
c) Repeated attempt to lose weight by severe dieting, self-induced
vomiting, or an excessive use of laxatives and/or diuretics.
Signs that a person is suffering from Bulimia:
d) Regular fluctuations of more than 10 pounds in weight because
of binge-and-fast episodes
e) Feeling of depression after binge eating.

3. Bulimarexia – A combined eating disorder of anorexia

nervosa and bulimia.
 STRATEGIES IN
MANAGING WEIGHT AND
FAT CONTROL
1.Get Psyched!
• Motivation is the drive or desire to begin or continue a behavior.

2. Get Nutritionally Aware!

• Make well-balanced food selections. These include eating low amounts of fats, saturated fats,
cholesterol, sugar and salt; eating high amounts of complex carbs, vegetables, fruit, and fibers.

• Establishing healthy food relationships.

• Food Guide Pyramid

3. Change unhealthy behavior.
• Behavior is influenced by physical, emotional and social factors.

4. Get physically active.

• Balance is key. The level of physical activity one undergoes can sometimes lead to
excessive weight gain. Consult a health professionalist such as a dietician or a gym
trainer about your situation, or simply experiment and find what works for you based
on research.
3. Change unhealthy behavior.
• Behavior is influenced by physical, emotional and social factors.

4. Get physically active.

• Balance is key. The level of physical activity one undergoes can sometimes lead to
excessive weight gain. Consult a health professionalist such as a dietician or a gym
trainer about your situation, or simply experiment and find what works for you based
on research.
5. Get support
• Support from others is an important key to success in one’s health journey. It
can help in giving individuals a needed boost or motivation in taking steps
to make changes in their behavior towards eating and the diet/lifestyle they
have. (Diekman, 2007)