PLATE

Boundaries
2
LESSO
N
LESSON
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to;

1. Enumerate the types of Plate Boundaries

2. Describe the different types of Plate Boundaries
3. Explain the different processes that occurs along plate boundaries
4. Explain the effects of the different mechanisms in each type of
plate boundaries
RECAL
L

The lithosphere is divided into several segments called Plates.

RECAL
L

The 7 Major Tectonic Plates

Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate Australian
Plate, South American Plate and Antarctic Plate
TECTONIC
PLATES
You also learned that plates
are gradually moving.

Majority of research findings,

plates are moving at an average
rate of 0.60cm/year to 10
cm/year.
PLATE
BOUNDARIES

Examine the map carefully. What do the arrows in the map indicate? Are all
plates moving in the same direction?
PLATE
BOUNDARIES

The arrows in the map tells the direction of movement of each plate. Each plate is slowly moving
relative to each other, causing geologic events to happen along their boundaries.
PLATE
BOUNDARIES
Plate boundary is a fracture that separates one plate from another.
Adjacent plates can move relative to one another in three different
ways.

THREE TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARY

 Divergent
 Convergent
 Transform
PLATE
BOUNDARIES
Plate boundary is a fracture that separates one plate from another.
Adjacent plates can move relative to one another in three different
ways.

Plate Boundaries can either:

 Can move toward each other, converge or collide.

 Can split or pull apart.
 Can slide horizontally against each other in opposite directions.
PLATE
BOUNDARIES
Examine the pictures below and tell me what you think.
DIVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY
Divergent plate boundaries involve two
ridge plates that are moving apart, causing two
plates to separate..

The underlying magma rises to the surface and fills the

gap between the separating plates forming underwater
mountains called Mid-Ocean Ridge

It is called a Constructive Plate Boundary, because when two

plates separate:
Oceanic-Oceanic Crust- it forms part of the seafloor.
lithosphere asthenosphere Continental-Continental Crust- it forms a rift valley.
DIVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY These are locations where plates are moving
away from one another, also known as
ridge
Constructive Plate Boundary.

When these plates move away from each other, they

create a gap or rift between them.

It is called a Constructive Plate Boundary, because when two

plates separate:
Oceanic-Oceanic Crust- it forms part of the seafloor.
lithosphere asthenosphere Continental-Continental Crust- it forms a rift valley.
DIVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY

TWO OCEANIC CRUST SEPARATES

If two oceanic crust separates, the cooled lava from
the asthenosphere cools down and then becomes a
new ocean floor. This is called Seafloor Spreading.

The separation of the plate allows the asthenosphere to rise towards the surface and partially melt. This
melting creates magma which erupts as lava. Then the lava cools and create an ocean floor or a new layer of
rock.
CONVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY
volcanoes
When two tectonic plates move toward each other and
(volcanic arc) trench
collide, they form a convergent plate boundary or also
known as Destructive Plate Boundary.

As the two plates collide, a collision zone is created, and one of

the leading edges will be subducted and destroyed, that is why it
is also known as Destructive Plate Boundary.

What happens at the boundary depends on the nature of the

colliding plates. These are three possible cases: oceanic-
earthquakes oceanic, oceanic-continental, and continental-continental
convergence.
CONVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY

ALPS MOUNTAIN
RANGE

When two continental crust converge, they collide and buckle and form mountains.
CONVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY

MARIANA TRENCH

The descending oceanic plate begins to melt. The Mariana Trench is the deepest trench and
molten materials begins to rise, creating a chain of the deepest place on Earth with a depth of
11,034 meters (36,201 feet) deep, which is
volcanoes or island arc, and oceanic trenches. almost 7 miles. 
CONVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY

One of the deepest trench in the

world is the Philippine Trench
with a depth of 10, 540 meters.
CONVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARY

The oceanic crust is thicker and subducts underneath the
continental crust. The magma from the melted oceanic crust
rises along the surface and creates volcanoes and volcanic
mountains.
ANDES MOUNTAINS
South Africa
When oceanic and continental plate
converge, they collide and buckle and form
volcanic mountains and trenches.
TRANSFORM PLATE
BOUNDARY
Transform Plate Boundaries occur when two plates slide
horizontally past each other as they move in opposite
directions.

In this type of plate boundary, no plate margins are being

destroyed or formed, rather it forms mostly the shaking of the
ground known as Earthquakes.

No mountains or volcanoes are produced. Instead, earthquakes

earthquakes within the result from the movement of plates, and release massive
crust amounts of energy.
TRANSFORM PLATE
BOUNDARY
This type of boundary can occur both underwater and on
land. Because of friction, the plates cannot simple glide
past each other.

Hence, calling this type of plate boundary as Conservative

Margins.

The gliding of two tectonic plates builds up stress until it

exceeds the threshold of the rocks, during which the energy is
released causing major earthquakes to occur.
earthquakes within the
crust
TRANSFORM PLATE
BOUNDARY

SAN ANDREAS
FAULT
California
The gliding of two tectonic plates builds up stress until it
exceeds the threshold of the rocks, during which the energy is
released causing major earthquakes to occur.
 SUMMARY OF TECTONIC ACTIVITIES THAT OCCUR
ALONG PLATE BOUNDARIES

TYPES OF TYPES OF PLATES TECTONIC

TOPOGRAPHY EXAMPLES
BOUNDARIES INVOLVED ACTIVITIES

Oceanic-Oceanic Mid-Ocean Ridge  Seafloor Spreading Mid-Atlantic

 Earthquakes Ridge
 Rising Magma
 Volcanoes

DIVERGENT
Continental-Continental Rift Valley  Continents torn East Pacific
apart Rift
 Earthquakes
 Volcanoes
 Rising Magma
 SUMMARY OF TECTONIC ACTIVITIES THAT OCCUR
ALONG PLATE BOUNDARIES
TYPES OF TYPES OF PLATES TECTONIC
TOPOGRAPHY EXAMPLES
BOUNDARIES INVOLVED ACTIVITIES
Oceanic-Oceanic Island Arcs and Ocean  Subduction Mariana Trench
Trenches  Ocean Trenches
 Rising Magma
 Earthquakes
 Volcanoes
 Deformation of rocks

Continental-Continental Mountains  Earthquakes Andes

CONVERGENT  Deformation of rocks Mountains

Oceanic-Continental Mountains and Trenches  Trenches Himalayas

 Earthquakes
 Rising Magma
 Volcanoes
 Deformation of rocks
 SUMMARY OF TECTONIC ACTIVITIES THAT OCCUR
ALONG PLATE BOUNDARIES

TYPES OF TYPES OF PLATES TECTONIC

TOPOGRAPHY EXAMPLES
BOUNDARIES INVOLVED ACTIVITIES

Oceanic-Oceanic Major Offset of Mid-  Earthquakes Offset of East

Oceanic Ridge Axis  Tsunamis Pacific Rise in
South Pacific

TRANSFORM
Continental-Continental Small Deformed  Earthquakes San Andreas
Mountain Ranges,  Deformation of Fault
Deformation along rocks
faults