THEME III

The establishment of the feudal

system in Britain
in the Early Middle Ages
(5 – 11 centuries).
th th

Conversion into Christianity

 Plan
1. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest
2. The life of Anglo-Saxons – independent work
3. Introduction of serfdom - independent work
4. Conversion of Anglo-Saxons into Christianity
• The Middle Ages is a historical period between
ancient times and modern times.
• In Britain this period lasted for 12 centuries (5th – 17th)

Subperiods:
1) 5th - 11th - Early Middle Ages
2) 11th – 15th – Middle Ages Proper
3) 16th- the first part of 17th – Late Middle Ages
 The Anglo-Saxon
Conquest
of Britain (449 A.D.)
Germanic tribes
came from
Denmark,
Holland,
Germany and
Scandinavia.
 449 –
the beginning
of the
conquest
By the end of the 6th – beginning of the 7th century
7 kingdoms were formed
 Signs of Anglo-Saxon origin:

The words of common Germanic root:

• summer (eng.) – Sommer (germ.)

• winter (eng.) – Winter (germ.)
• long (eng.) – lang (germ.)
• sing (eng.) – singen (germ.)
• sit (eng.) – sitzen (germ.) etc.
 The place names
• The Anglo-Saxon word "ton" was the Saxon for "hedge"
(Ukranian "тин"). Thus there are
Southampton, Brighton, Preston and others.
• The Anglo-Saxon "Burgh" or "bury" was the Saxon for "to
hide", hence - Canterbury, Edinburgh, Salisbury.
• The Anglo-Saxon "ham" (home) can also be found in the
names of Nottingham, Birmingham, Cheltenham.
• The Anglo-Saxon "field" ("open country") can be found in
the names of Sheffield, Chesterfield.
• The names of the Anglo-Saxon villages meant as a rule
either their new "home" or a "protected place".
 Majority of phrasal verbs are of Anglo- Saxon origin
• call back: 1) передзвонити; 2) покликати назад
• calm down: заспокоювати(ся)
• catch up: надздогнати
• clean up: чистити(ся), наводити порядок
• count on: розраховувати на когось
• end up: закінчити
• figure out: зрозуміти, з’ясувати
• find out: выяснить, разузнать, обнаружить, найти
• grow up: вирости, стати дорослим
• help out: допомогти
• lie down: лягти
• line up: ставати в лінію, чергу
• pass out: втратити свідомість; роздавати, розподіляти
• pick up: взяти (в шиокому розумінні: предмет, звук,
запах, слід і т.п.)
• point out: вказувати; підкреслювати
• settle down: поселятися; заспокоюватися
• shoot out: вискочити, вилитіти
• spread out: розтягувати(ся), розширяти(ся)
• stick out: 1) торчати, випирати; 2) витягувати
• watch out: остерігатися; доглядати (for - за)
• wind up: опинитись; завершитися чимсь
• write down: записати
The conversion of the Anglo-Saxons
to Christianity (597)
 The days of the week were named after pagan gods
• Sunnandæg – Sunday – the Sun’s day
• Monandæg - Monday – the Moon’s day
• Tiwesdæg - Tuesday – the day of the God Tuesco (God
of Darkness)
• Wodnesdæg - Wednesday – Woden’s day (God of War)
• Ðunresdæg - Thursday – Thor’s day (God of Thunder)
• Frigedæg - Friday – Freya’s day (the Goddess of Peace
and Plenty)
• Sæternesdæg - Saturday – after Saturn, a Roman God
Christianity and Literature
 Changes, brought by the Christianity
1) Many churches and monasteries were built
2) The culture of Britain grew rapidly:
- Latin was again heard in Britain (about 600 words
related to religion, church, education and state
governing): school (from schola), bishop (from
Episcopus – той, хто доглядає), priest (from presbyter),
school, paper, candle
- Venerable Bede wrote “Ecclesiastical History of the
English People” (between 673 and 735)
3) Religion controlled the people’s lives, their minds and
actions
The end