COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

introducing
PEER TO PEER NETWORK
Internet Protocol

Internet protocols
are set of rules
A protocol governing
communication
is a set of rules. within and between
computers on a
network.
The main functions of protocols are:
 Identifying errors
 Compressing the data
 Deciding how the data should be sent
 Addressing the data
 Deciding how to announce sent and received
data
Common Internet Protocol
1. TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol.
2. IPX/ SPX – Internetwork Packet Exchange/
Sequenced Packet Exchange.
3. NetBEUI – NetBIOS Extended User
Interface.
4. AppleTalk
5. HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
Common Internet Protocol
6. FTP – File Transfer Protocol
7. SSH – Secure Shell
8. Telnet
9. POP3 – Post Office Protocol
10. IMAP – Internet Message Access
Protocol
11. SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
IP ADDRESS
 Is a unique number that is used to identify a network
device.
 Unique IP Address on a network ensure that data can
be sent to and receive from the correct network
device. NIC/LAN CARD. WIRED/WIRELESS
 Is represented as a 32-bit binary number, divided into 4
octets (groups of eight bits.)
 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001
 Also represented into a dotted decimal format.
 When a host is configured with an IP Address, it is
entered as dotted decimal number such as: 192.168.1.1
IP Address Classes

Class A – Large Networks, Implemented by large

companies

Class B – Medium-Sized Networks, Implemented by

Universities

Class C – Small Networks, Implemented by ISPs for

customer subscriptions

Class D - SPECIAL USE FOR MUTICASTING

Class E – USE FOR EXPERIMENTAL TESTING

Subnet Mask Used to indicate the network portion of an
IP Address

SUBNET MASK IP ADDRESS RANGE

Class A – 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1
Class B – 255.255.0.0 128 - 191
Class C – 255.255.255.0 192 – 223
Class D addresses are used for multicast
groups, there is no need to allocate octet or
bits to separate network and host.
Class E addresses are reserved for research use
only.
 - is a command used to find out the IP address of
a certain network you are connected to.
How to use the ipconfig command?
IP CONFIG

1. Click on the Start Button, then type

“cmd” (command prompt) on the
search box,; or press and hold
Window logo button and “R”.
2. A black screen will appear.
3. Type “ipconfig” and press enter.
IP Address
Configuration
 Manual Configuration – Manually
configure each device with proper
IP Address and Subnet Mask.

 Dynamic Configuration – A DHCP

SERVER automatically assigns IP
Addresses to network hosts.

DHCP – Dynamic Host

Configuration Protocol
OBJECTIVES

•Networking tools
•How to make a terminate cable
•How to setup/Configure P2P
Workgroup
•File and printer/device Sharing
•Testing Network Connection

Stylize, edit, and animate your media

Networking Tools
 HOW TO TERMINATE A NETWORK CABLE

1. Unroll the required length

of network cable and
add a little extra wire,
just in case.
2. Carefully remove the outer
jacket of the cable.
 HOW TO TERMINATE A NETWORK CABLE

3. Inspect the newly

revealed wires for any
cuts or scrapes that
expose the copper wire
inside. 
 HOW TO TERMINATE A NETWORK CABLE

4. Untwist the pairs so they

will lay flat between your
fingers. 
 HOW TO TERMINATE A NETWORK CABLE
5. Arrange the wires based on the wiring
specifications you are following.
There are two methods set by the TIA, 568A and 568B. Which one you
use will depend on what is being connected. A straight-through cable is
used to connect two different-layer devices (e.g. a hub and a PC).
Two like devices normally require a cross-over cable. The difference
between the two is that a straight-through cable has both ends wired
identically with 568B, while a cross-over cable has one end wired 568A
and the other end wired 568B.[1] For our demonstration in the following
steps, we will use 568B, but the instructions can easily be adapted to
568
ETHERNET CABLE Color Coding
6. Press all the wires flat and parallel between
your thumb and forefinger. 

Verify the colors have remained in the correct order. Cut the top of the
wires even with one another so that they are 1/2" (12.5 mm) long from
the base of the jacket, as the jacket needs to go into the 8P8C
connector by about 1/8", meaning that you only have a 1/2" of room
for the individual cables. Leaving more than 1/2" untwisted can
jeopardize connectivity and quality. Ensure that the cut leaves the
wires even and clean; failure to do so may cause the wire not to make
contact inside the jack and could lead to wrongly guided cores inside
the plug.
7. Keep the wires flat and in order as
you push them into the RJ-45 plug with
the flat surface of the plug on top. 
The white/orange wire should be on the left if you're
looking down at the jack. You can tell if all the wires
made it into the jack and maintain their positions by
looking head-on at the plug. You should be able to see
a wire located in each hole, as seen at the bottom
right. You may have to use a little effort to push the
pairs firmly into the plug. The cabling jacket should
also enter the rear of the jack about 1/4" (6 mm) to
help secure the cable once the plug is crimped. You
may need to stretch the sleeve to the proper length.
Verify that the sequence is still correct before
crimping.
8. Place the wired plug into the
crimping tool. 

Give the handle a firm squeeze. You

should hear a ratcheting noise as you
continue. Once you have completed the
crimp, the handle will reset to the open
position. To ensure all pins are set, some
prefer to double-crimp by repeating this
step.
9. Repeat all of the above
steps with the other end of
the cable. 
The way you wire the other
end (568A or 568B) will
depend on whether you're
making a straight-through,
rollover, or cross-over cable 
10.
Test the cable to ensure
that it will function
in the field.
How to change Computer Name & Workgroup in Windows
XP/7

Step 1: Go to Control Panel>Click Switch to Classic View>System

Step 2: Click on the Computer Name tab
 
Step 3: To change the Computer Name or the Workgroup, click
Change
Step 4: Enter a name for your computer in the Computer Name
field
Step 5: Enter a name for your Workgroup in the Workgroup
field
Step 6: Click OK, OK, OK, restart
How to change Computer Name & Workgroup in Windows
XP/7
How to assign a static IP Address in Windows XP/7

Step 1: Go to Control Panel>Network Connection 

Step 2: Right click ‘Local Area Connection’ then click
‘Properties’ button.
Step 3: Check “Show icon in notification are when connected”
Step 4: Click ‘Internet Protocol’ (TCP/IP)’ then click ‘Properties’
button.
Step 5: Click ‘Use the following IP Address:’ then type
192.168.1.2 then press TAB key then OK.
Step 6: Now close out of the Local Area Connections Properties
window then restart.
How to assign a static IP Address in Windows XP/7
How to verify the TCP/IP connection between the two
workstations

Step 1: If you are in front of client computer then you want to

verify the IP of the server, this is what you do. Go to Command
Prompt> then type this command: ping server –t or ping
192.168.1.2 –t
 
Step 2: If you are in front of server computer then you want to
verify the IP of the client, this is what you do. Go to Command
Prompt> then type this command: ping client –t or ping
192.168.1.3 –t

CLI COMMANDS FOR TESTING (Command Line Interface)

PING – Packet Internet Groper

- Used to determine whether a specific IP Address is accessible
NET VIEW - invoke this command if host doesn’t appear in the network
SAMPLE OUTPUT OF PING COMMAND
How to share Files/Folder

Steps: Right click folder to share > Properties >

Sharing Tab > Network Sharing and
Security(Click “If you understand the Security
Risk…”) > Just Enable
 
Sharing > OK > Select share this folder on the
network > OK
How to share a local printer over the network

Steps: Start > Settings > Control Panel > Printer

and Faxes > Right Click Installed Printer >
Sharing > Share this printer >ok
THE END…
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