5.

1 Exponents and Scientific Notation

1. Evaluate exponential forms with integer exponents.

2. Write scientific notation in standard form.
3. Write standard form numbers in scientific notation.
Objective 1

Evaluate exponential forms with

integer exponents.
 Identify the base, exponent and evaluate.

5  2 3
2
Base: 2 Base: -2

Exponent: 5 Exponent: 3

Value: 32 Value: -8
When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

 2 4
2 4

Base: -2 Base: 2

Exponent: 4 Exponent: 4

Value: 16 Value: -16

 2
Evaluate: – 3

a) 9

b) –6

c) 6

d) 9
 2
Evaluate: – 3

a) 9

b) –6

c) 6

d) 9
Evaluate:   2
 35  2 3  4 
a) -93

b) 15
c) 105

d) None of the above

Evaluate:   2
 35  2 3  4 
a) -93

b) 15
c) 105

d) None of the above

Evaluating Exponential Forms with Negative Bases

(negative number)even exponent = positive

(negative number)odd exponent = negative

Evaluate.

3 2
2
  8  3 9
 an equation in one variable
When

 is apoint on a line
125 is solved the answer 
 5
.

 5 25
Raising a Quotient to a Power

If a and b are real numbers, where b  0 and n is a

natural number, then
n
a an
   n.
b b
Observe the pattern….
4
3  81
3
3  27
2
3 9
1
3 3
0
3  1
Zero as an Exponent

If a is a real number and a  0, then a 0  1.

Evaluate:

5 0  5 0

1 1

When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

0
0 1
5  
 25 
–1 1
Evaluate:

6y 0 6y  0

6
1

When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

 70 0
3 4 0

–1
1–1=0
Evaluate:

8 w  0
 6x  2y 
2 0

-6x2

When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

3  3 0

Indeterminate
 Observe the pattern….
4 1 1
3  81 3 1
  1
3 3 3
3  27
2 1 1
2
3 9 3   2
9 3
1
3 3 3 1 1
3   3
0
3 1 27 3

Negative exponents are POSITIONAL only!!!

If a is a real number, where a  0 and n is a natural
n 1
number, then a  n.
a

Exponents must be positive before you can evaluate!!!

Simplify:

3 11 2 3
2  3  3x 
2 8 x2

When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

3 4 3 3
 4x  3
 5x  5x
x
 5 1 x3 3
3
 5  x 3  5  3
 5  5x
x x 1

Negative exponents are POSITIONAL only!!!

If a is a real number, where a  0 and n is a
natural number, then
1 n
n
 a .
a
Simplify:

3 2 4
2a 2 a b b4 c 3
2  3 
b a b3 2 c a2

When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

5
3 2 3 3 x3 2 4h 4m 2
3 x y  2 
y3 m k h5k
 2 2 2 2 2
3 
1 3 1
9 x x x
  1   1   
x 3
2
x x2 9 9 3
 
x
If a and b are real numbers, where a  0 and b  0
n n
a b
and n is a natural number, then     .
b a
 –6
Evaluate: – 2

a)  1
64
1
b)
64
c) 12

d) 64

5.1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 24

 –6
Evaluate: – 2

a)  1
64
1
b)
64
c) 12

d) 64

5.1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 25

Objective 2

Write scientific notation in standard

form.
Scientific notation: A number expressed in the
n
form a  10 , where a is a decimal number with
1  a  10 and n is an integer.

 3.45  105

3
2.45  10
Write 875,000 in scientific notation.

5
8.75  10
Write 0.0000000472 in scientific notation.

8
4.72  10
Write in standard form:

4.26  105 = 426,000

Write in standard form:

3.87 104 = .000387

 Write 13,030,000 in scientific
notation.

a) 1303 104
6
b) 13.03 10

c) 1.303 107
9
d) 0.1303  10

5.1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 32

 Write 13,030,000 in scientific
notation.

a) 1303 104
6
b) 13.03 10

c) 1.303 107
9
d) 0.1303  10

5.1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 33

 Write 4.69 10 in standard notation.
6

a) 4,690,000

b) 4,690,000,000

c) 0.000000469

d) 0.00000469

5.1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 34

 Write 4.69 10 in standard notation.
6

a) 4,690,000

b) 4,690,000,000

c) 0.000000469

d) 0.00000469

5.1