Exponent Rules and Multiplying

5.4 Monomials

1. Multiply monomials.
2. Multiply numbers in scientific notation.
3. Simplify a monomial raised to a power.
Objective 1

Multiply monomials.
23 • 24

23  24
23 means 24 means
three 2s.  222  2222 four 2s.

 27 Since there are a total of seven 2s multiplied,

we can express the product as 27.

Keep the base and add the exponents

Product Rule for Exponents
If a is a real number and m and n are integers,
then am • an = am+n.
 Multiply:

2 5 4 6
9 9 3 3

97 310

When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

 4    4 
2 6
 3  3
4 5

 4 8  48  39  39
 3 5 8
2a  7a  14a

Multiplying Monomials
1. Multiply coefficients.
2. Add the exponents of the like bases.
3. Write any unlike variable bases unchanged
in
the product.
Simplify:

3 2 2 4
5x  7 x 5 3
35x 5 25  81  2025

2x 5x 
3 an equation
When 3 in one variable is solved the answer3is a point on3a line .
2 x  5x
10x 6 7x 3

 1 2  5 3  2 5 
  k m  km n   k 
 4  6  3 
5 8 4
k m n
36
Objective 2

Multiply numbers in scientific

notation.
Monomials: Scientific notation:

4a3 2a6   4  2a3 6  4  10 3

 2  10 6
  4  2  10 3 6

 8a 9  8  109
Multiply and write result in scientific notation:

 4.5  10 3
 5.7  10 4

25.65  10 7

2.565  10 8
When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

 6.2  10 3
 3.1  10 6

19.22  10 3
1.922  10 2
Objective 3

Simplify a monomial raised to a

power.
 x 
2 5 2 2 2
 x x x x x 2 2
x 10

A Power Raised to a Power

If a is a real number and m and n are integers,
then (am)n = amn.
 4a 3  4a 4a 4a   4 3 a 3  64a 3

Raising a Product to a Power

If a and b are real numbers and n is an integer,
then (ab)n = anbn.
 2x y 
3 2 4 4 12 8
 2 x y  16 x y 12 8

Simplifying a Monomial Raised to a Power

1. Evaluate the coefficient raised to that power.
2. Multiply each variable’s exponent by the power.
Simplify:

3x y 
2 32  
2x y 2 3 5

9x 4 y 6 2 x 10 y 15
When an equation in one variable is solved the answer is a point on a line .

 x y 
2 2
 x y 
3 2 5

4 2
x y  x 15 y 10
 Simplify:

24 x 8 y 4 23 x 3 y 6
2x y  2xy 
2 4 2 3
2 7 x 11 y 10  128 x 11 y 10

3x4 y2z yz4 

3 in one 5variable is solved the answer 3is a 12
When an equation point6on3a line
3 x y z y z 5 . 20

33 x 12 y 11 z 23  27 x 12 y 11 z 23

 x y   x y 
5 2 3 2 32  x 15 y 6 x 4 y 6

 x 19 y 12
 
 Simplify.   
6b 7
3b 3

a) 18b 21

b) 18b10

c) 9b 21

d) 9b10

5.4 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 17

 Simplify.   
6b 7
3b 3

a) 18b 21

b) 18b10

c) 9b 21

d) 9b10

5.4 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 18

 Simplify.  4 y 2
5 y  3 4

a) 20 y 9

b) 20 y 20

c) 2500 y 9
14
d) 2500 y

5.4 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 19

 Simplify.  4 y 2
5 y  3 4

a) 20 y 9

b) 20 y 20

c) 2500 y 9
14
d) 2500 y

5.4 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5- 20