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Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
References
Product Description and Hardware Description in the OptiX
RTN 600 Product Manual.
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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the main characteristics of OptiX RTN 600.
Describe the system structure ,software and hardware structure of
OptiX RTN 600.
List the functions of boards in the IDU, ODU, Hybrid coupler.
Explain the equipment-level protection mode of OptiX RTN 600.
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Contents
1. Equipment Overview
2. Equipment Structure
3. Equipment Protection
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Contents
1. Equipment Overview
1.1 Equipment Components
IDU
ODU
Antenna
Intermediate Frequency (IF) Cable
Hybrid coupler
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Equipment Components
Antenna
Hybrid coupler
IF cable
ODU
Pole
IDU
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IDU
Indoor unit (IDU) realizes the
mutual conversion between the
service signal and IF analog signal.
Two types of IDU are available:
IDU 610 is 1U high and supports IDU 610
one microwave direction.
IDU 620 is 2U high and supports
maximum four microwave
directions.
IDU 620
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IF Cable
The IF cable provides -48V power for ODU and transmits the IF signal
and ODU management signal between IDU and ODU.
Three types of IF cable in OptiX RTN 600:
IF jumper: connection between IDU and other IF cable.
1/2 inch and RG-8U (1/4 inch) cable: connection between ODU and IF
jumper.
RG-8U (1/4 inch) cable is used for the distance less than 180 meter.
1/2 inch cable is used for the distance between 180m and 300m.
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ODU
Outdoor unit (ODU) realizes the
mutual conversion between IF analog
signal and RF signal.
ODU is irrelevant to the microwave
transmission capacity. An ODU of the
OptiX RTN 600 can support the
transmission capacity from 4 E1 to one
STM-1.
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Hybrid Coupler
When two ODUs share one antenna, the ODUs must be connect
ed to an RF signal coupler/ splitter (hybrid coupler). Th
en, the hybrid coupler is connected to the antenna.
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Antenna
The antenna performs the directional
transmission and reception of RF
signals. The main parameters are
frequency band, diameter and
antenna gain.
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Equipment Characteristics
PDH/SDH integrated microwave transmission system.
The modulation mode and link capacity are set through software.
Microwave link supports the SNCP.
Built-in ADM provides flexible service add/drop function.
Providing the clock tracing function.
Supporting mobile FLASH card.
The boards of IDU 610 and IDU 620 are compatible each other.
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Questions
What are the components of OptiX RTN 600? What are the functions of
them? What about the connection relation among the components?
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Contents
1. Equipment Overview
2. Equipment Structure
3. Equipment Protection
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Contents
Equipment Structure
2.1 System Diagram
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System Diagram
OptiX RTN 600 is divided based on functional units. It consists of service
interface unit, cross-connection unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit, auxiliary
interface unit, and ODU. Antenn
RF a
signal
Baseband Baseband
E1 Service Cross- IF signal
signal signal
STM-1e interface connect IF unit ODU
STM-1o unit unit
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Software Structure
In the OptiX RTN 600, all the board
software and host software are NM software
integrated together and run on the
SCC board.
ODU is regarded as a logical Host software
board. The ODU board software in the
Board software
SCC board manages and controls the ODU
ODU hardware through the SCC
management signal between the IDU
and ODU.
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Contents
Equipment Structure
2.1 System Diagram
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IDU Structure ( IDU 610)
IDU 610 is 1U high and adopts
the nature heat dissipation mode.
Support 1+0 configuration.
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IDU Structure ( IDU 620)
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IDU Board -- IF Board IF1A
The IF board receives and transmits 1x IF signal. It realizes the conversion
between baseband digital signal and IF signal, it also provides -48V DC power
supply and management signal to the ODU.
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IF Board -- Types
IF1A IF1B
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IF Board -- Board Installation
No limitation for board installation under HSB configuration.
Only installing IF boards in paired slots under SD or FD configuration.
IDU 620
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IF Board -- Block Diagram
Backplane
ODU management signal
SMODEM unit
HSM switch signal
Paired
slots
TUPP Cross-
IF interface Combiner IF MUX / unit connect
Modem active/
interface process DEMUX
unit standby
unit unit unit
unit
Control bus
Support
Power Clock loop-back Logical control
unit unit function unit
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IF Board -- Receiving Signal Flow
Serial port
signal
ODU
management
SMODEM unit SCC board
analog signal
IF interface Combiner IF
Modem
interface process
unit
unit unit
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IF Board -- Receiving Signal Flow (Cont.)
When MUX/DEMUX unit works in SDH mode:
SCC
board
SDH microwave
frame signal MUX / Clock signal
Modem Cross-connection
DEMUX
unit and clock board
unit
TUPP unit
Detecting LINKID,
ATPC, and microwave
RDI information LINK ID identifies the microwave link and is
used to distinguish different microwave links.
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IF Board -- Receiving Signal Flow (Cont.)
When MUX/DEMUX unit works in PDH mode:
Only 1x 2M
overhead
Detecting the frame signal
header and B1 byte
SCC board
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Receiving Signal Flow in HSB Mode
Bite Error or
alarm happened MUX / DEMUX
unit
Modem
unit
Local board
two signals have TUPP
Microwave signal unit
the phase
difference. Standby board
Microwave signal
MUX /
DEMUX
Unit
On
Standby 2 signals are
IF board synchronized
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IF Board -- Receiving Signal Flow (Cont.)
High-order
pointers are
aligned
Active
VC12/VC3 cross-
service connection
Cross- board
MUX / connection
TUPP unit
DEMUX active/
unit VC4 service standby Standby
unit cross-
connection
board
High-order pointer signal
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IF Board -- Transmitting Signal Flow
Clock fault
Clock
Active
System clock used cross-
by local board Service connection
clock board
VC4 signal
MUX / Clock
DEMUX Standby
unit High-order pointer cross-
Service connection
signal C1J1
clock board
Cross-connection
active/standby unit
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IF Board -- Transmitting Signal Flow
(cont.)
When MUX/DEMUX unit works in SDH mode:
Process the
2M overhead
overhead, pointer,
and scramble. SCC
board
2M overhead – wayside E1
MUX /
SDH microwave
DEMUX
frame signal VC4 signal Cross-
Modem unit
unit connection
active/
standby
unit
High-order
pointer signal
Inserting LINKID,
ATPC, and microwave
link RDI information.
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IF Board -- Transmitting Signal Flow
(cont.)
When MUX/DEMUX unit works in PDH mode:
MUX /
PDH microwave
DEMUX
frame signal VC4 signal
Modem unit Cross-
unit connection
active/
standby
unit
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 33
IF Board -- Transmitting Signal Flow
(cont.)
Serial port
signal
ODU
management
SCC
analog signal SMODEM unit board
IF
interface Combiner IF
Modem
interface process
unit
unit unit
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IF Board -- IF Performance
Performance
Item
4 X E1 8 X E1 16 X E1 STM-1
Modulation
QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM 128QAM
mode
Channel 27.5/
spacing 7 3.5 13.75 /14 a 7 13.75 /14 a 27.5 / 28 b
(MHz)) 28 b
a: At the 18G band, the channel spacing is 13.75MHz, At other bands, the
channel spacing is 14MHz.
Remarks
b: At the 18G band, the channel spacing is 27.5MHz. At other bands, the
channel spacing is 28MHz.
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IF Board -- IF Signal Parameters
Item Performance
Transmitting frequency 350
(MHz)
IF signal Receiving frequency (MHz) 140
Impedance (ohm) 50
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IF Board -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On The board is working normally
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IF Board -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On The ODU is normal.
ODU
On The ODU is faulty.
On The microwave BER exceeds the
threshold.
BER
Off The microwave BER does not exceed the
threshold.
On The remote equipment has a Remote
RMT Defect Indication (RDI).
Off The remote equipment has no RDI.
On The board is in active state.
ACT
Off The board is in standby state.
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IDU Board -- Tributary Board PH1
The tributary board processes multi-channel E1 signals and provides the
E1 interface.
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Tributary Board -- Types
PH1A PO1A PH1B PO1B
16-channel E1
8-channel
16-channel E1 8-channel E1
interface E1 interface interface board
75 ohm 75 ohm 120 omh 120 ohm
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Tributary Board -- Board installation
IDU 620
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Tributary Board -- Block Diagram
Backplane
E1 Cross
interface Tributary Coding -connect
Mapping/
and active/
interface De-mapping
decoding standby
unit unit
unit unit
Control bus
Support loop-back Logical
Clock
function control
unit
unit
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Tributary Board -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On The board is working normally.
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IDU Board -- Line Board SD1/SDE
The line board processes 1-2 channel STM-1 signal and provides STM-
1 optical or electrical interface.
LC optical
interface
SMB
electrical
interface
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Line Board -- Types
SD1 SL1
SDE SLE
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Line Board -- Board installation
IDU 620
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Line Board -- Block Diagram
Control bus
Clock Logical
unit control
unit
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Line Board -- Interface Parameters
Item Performance
Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) 155520
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Line Board -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On The board is working normally.
STAT On The board hardware is faulty.
Off The board is not working, or created, or no power supply.
On The service is normal.
On The service has a critical or major alarm.
SRV
On The service has a minor or remote alarm.
Off No services are configured.
On No.1 opt. port on the SL1/SD1 board has a R_LOS alarm.
LOS1
Off No.1 opt. port on the SL1/SD1 board has no R_LOS alarm.
On No.2 opt. port on the SD1 board has a R_LOS alarm.
LOS2
Off No.2 opt. port on the SD1 board has no R_LOS alarm.
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IDU Board -- Ethernet Board EFT4
EFT4 is a Ethernet transparent transmission board. It receives, transmits
and processes four-channel Ethernet signals.
IDU 620
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Power Cross-Connection Clock Board
-- PXC
The PXC board realizes the cross-connection (16×16 VC4) and clock
functions , it also provides the DC power for other boards.
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PXC -- Board Installation
EXT slot3 EXT slot4
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 610
IDU 620
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PXC -- Block Diagram
Backplane
Control bus
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PXC -- Block Diagram for Wayside E1
Note: To plug out
SCC board IF board SCC board may
interrupt the
wayside E1 Cross wayside E1
-connect services.
board IF board
Cross IF board
-connect
wayside E2 board
IF board
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PXC -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On The board is working normally.
On The board hardware is faulty.
STAT
Off The board is not working, or not created, or has no
input power.
On The power is normal.
PWR On +3.3V power fault or -48V input power abnormal
Off No input power.
On The clock is normal.
SYNC
On The clock source is lost or the switch exists.
On The board is in active state.
ACT
Off The board is in standby status.
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IDU Board -- SCC
SCC provides system control and communication functions, auxiliary interfaces
management and standby internal power module.
Flash
memory
Indicators
NM Order wire
interface
Indicator
test button NM serial Asynchronous
port NM cascaded data and
Reset interface Boolean
button interface
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SCC Board -- Board Installation
IDU 610
IDU 620
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SCC Board - Block Diagram
Order wire interface Backplane
Auxiliary
Asyn. data interface
interface
Overhead Overhead bus
Boolean interface unit cross-
NM interface connect
unit
HUB Control
comm.
Cascaded network
port unit
NM serial port
Control bus
- 48V
System
power System power supply
unit
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 58
SCC Board -- NM Cable Connection
The SCC board sets the NE ID through the software. The initial NE ID is set to 49136
by default.
The IP address of NE is also set through the software. The IP address is set to
129.9.0.ID by default.
NMS
Connected by
Ethernet cable
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SCC Board -- Wrong Connections
Self-loop of
single NE
The connection
will cause NE
reset frequently.
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PDH Microwave Overhead
When the IF board is set as PDH mode, such as 4E1/8E1/16E1, the DCC,
order wire, and asynchronous transparent data interface can only use one byte.
When the IF board is changed from STM-1 mode to PDH mode, if the
transparent transmission setting of DCC byte occupies the D1 byte, the
manual modification is required. Set the working mode to DI mode first.
Otherwise, when the IF board is changed to the PDH mode, the DCC is
interrupted.
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SCC Board -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On The board is working normally.
On The board hardware is faulty.
STAT
Off The board is not working, or not created, or has
no input power.
On 100 m s and off During the board power-on/reset, loading the
100 ms software.
On 300 m s and off The board software is introduced through the
PROG 300 ms BIOS during the power-on/reset.
On Initialize the upper layer software.
On 100 ms and off During the board power-on/reset, BOOTROM
100 ms self-test fails.
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SCC Board -- Indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On During the board power-on/reset, the memory self-test
fails or the upper layer software loading fails, or during
PROG the board running, the logical file and software are lost.
Off The software is normal.
On The system is normal.
On The system has a critical or major alarm.
ALM
On The system has a minor alarm.
Off The system has no input power.
On The system is in maintenance state ( that is, loop-back,
MANT laser power-off, and ODU transceiver mute)
Off The system is in working state.
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IDU Board -- Fan Board (FAN)
Indicator EXT slot7 EXT slot8
slot EXT slot5 EXT slot6
20 PXC slot3 EXT slot4
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
Fan direction
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Contents
Equipment Structure
2.1 System Diagram
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ODU -- Interface
Grounding RSSI test
double-screw bolt interface
IF interface
Antenna
port
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ODU -- Block Diagram
Control unit
Up
Amplifier Amplifier
conversion
Antenna port
IF interface
IF Frequency Duplexer
interface synthesizer
unit
Down
Amplifier Amplifier
conversion
Power
unit
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ODU -- Main Performance
The ODU frequency bands covers from 7G to 38G. Some commonly used
frequency band indexes are listed in the table.
Performance
Item
7G 15G 18G 23G
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ODU -- Main Performance (cont.)
Performance
Item
7G 15G 18G 23G
QPSK 25.5 24.5 24 22.5
maximum Tx (dBm) 16QAM 21 20 20 19
128QAM 15 14 14 13
minimum Tx (dBm) -4
Transceiver freque
ncy stability (ppm ±5
)
[Note]: If the transmitting power exceeds the maximum level ,the Bite
Error will occur in the service.
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Contents
Equipment Structure
2.1 System Diagram
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Hybrid coupler
Antenna port
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Hybrid coupler -- Main Performance
Item Performance
Flatness (dB) ≤0.5
Attenuation (dB) ≤1.7
Coupling (dB) 6.5±0.6
Isolation (dB) ≥25
Standing wave ratio ≤1.2
Weight (kg) <5
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 72
Summary
Equipment Structure of OptiX RTN 600
Software Structure: the host and board software are integrated in the SCC and the ODU
is a logical board.
IDU: includes IDU 610 and IDU 620.
IF board: IF1A and IF1B
Line board: SL1, SD1, SLE, and SDE
Tributary board: PH1 and PO1
Data board: EFT4
Power cross-connection clock board: PXC
System control and communication board: SCC
Fan board: FAN
ODU: interface, dimension, weight, power consumption, power indicator, and frequency indicator
Hybrid coupler: interface and main indicators
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Contents
1. Equipment Overview
2. Equipment Structure
3. Equipment Protection
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1+1 Hot Standby Backup (1+1HSB)
mute Active
Active
ODU IF Board
Cross-connection
board Service
Hybrid coupler board
Antenna
Standby Standby
mute ODU IF Board
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Description of 1+1 HSB
Switch point
The services are switched in the cross-connection board.
Switch condition
Automatic switch: IF board hardware fault, ODU hardware fault, remote failure
indication, and microwave frame loss.,
Manual switch: locking, forced, manual, and clearing
Characteristics
The active/standby unit has no restrictions on the paired slots.
The switch actions are implemented by the software and hardware.
The service will be interrupted in the case of switch.
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1+1 Space Diversity (1+1 SD)
Active
Active
IF Board
ODU Cross-connection
board Service
board
Antenna 1
Antenna 2
Standby Standby
Mute ODU IF Board
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1+1 Frequency Diversity (1+1 FD)
tf1
rf1 Active Active
ODU IF Board Cross-connection
board Service
Antenna Hybrid board
Standby Standby
tf2 ODU IF Board
rf2
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Space Frequency Diversity (1+1
SD+FD)
tf1
rf1 Active Active
ODU IF Board Cross-connection
board Service
board
Antenna 1
Antenna 2
Standby Standby
ODU IF board
tf2
rf2
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 79
Description of Hitless Switch (HSM)
Switch point
The services are switched on the IF board.
Switch condition
Automatic switch: microwave frame loss, microwave signal loss, microwave
bit error , and the HSB switch triggers HSM receives forcibly the services
from standby board.
Manual switch: Force switch, clear.
Characteristics
The Active /standby IF board must in paired slots.
Switch is implemented by hardware.
Service has no interruption during switch.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 80
Reverse Switch
Introduction
When the system fails to detect the hardware faults in the transmission direction,
the HSB and SD cannot be triggered.
Switch condition
Remote site detecting the failure and send RDI to local site to trigger the HSB or
SD switch.
Characteristics
It is only configured in the case of HSB or SD.
Through the service detection, all the hardware faults in the transmission
direction can be protected.
Fail to accurately differentiate the hardware fault and external fading. After the
fading, the repeated switch may be caused.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 81
Questions
From the service switch point, protection object, card position
installation, switch condition, service impairment, and signal flow,
compare the HSB protection with the HSM protection.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 82
Summary
Contents Review
Main characteristics
System Structure, Software and Hardware Structure
Board Functions and Signal flow in the IDU
ODU and Hybrid coupler Features and Functions
Equipment Level Protection Actions and Signal flow
Microwave Link Protection Actions and Signal flow
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 83
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