READING SECTION

NOTE MAKING
 What is Note making

• Note Making is a way of recording important details

from a source. This source can be any book, article,
meeting or any oral discussion. In note making, the
writer records the essence of the information. It
helps us to understand and clarify thinking. Note
making saves a lot of time by going through the
notes made. One can get a glimpse of a lot of
information from a short note.
 Advantages of Note making
• It has great importance in exams or in academic writing
• Note making helps in keeping the information handy
whenever we require
• It helps in recollecting and recalling the past events said
or heard
• It helps in concentrating, understanding and provides a
permanent record
• Note making format helps a writer to go through bulky
documents quicker
• It helps in understanding a material if the notes are in
own words
• It distinguishes between main points and details
Important Features of Notemaking
• Title : This gives the central idea of the passage and
is written in the middle of the page.
• Main Headings : This divides the passage into
various parts according to the
subordinate/associated ideas given in the passage 
• Sub headings & sub-sub headings: This gives us the
details or points that are covered under each main
headings which can be further subdivided.
•  Indenting
All points should be numbered properly to
understand their importance
Important Features of Notemaking
• Abbreviations
• Use standard abbreviations and symbols as far as possible:
– Capitalized first letters of words or acronyms
e.g. U.P, U.S.A., U.K., U.S.S.R., etc.
– Common abbreviations
Sc. (for science), Mr., Mrs., Dr., Govt., etc
– Common symbols
e.g. : , \, ∴ , +ve, -ve, ® (leading to), ↑ (rising), ↓ (falling), =, etc.
– Measurements and Figures
e.g., : 100′, 100”, 100 kg, 1000 mm, 100ml, etc.

• Making your own abbreviations:

– Keep the main sounds of the word. For example, edn. (education),
progm. (programme)
– Retain the suffix so that later when you are going over the notes you
may recall the full form of the word —e.g., ed’nal (educational),
prog’ve (progressive). Achvmnt-achievement (omit vowels) , b’ful–
beautiful , can’t -cannot (write first few and last few letters)
 
 Format of Notemaking
TITLE  (in Capital & underline the title)
NOTES
1. Main Heading (MIN OF 3-5 MAIN HEADINGS)
1.1 Sub heading (MIN OF 3-5 SUB-HEADINGS UNDER EACH MAIN
HEADING)
1.2 Sub heading
1.3 Sub heading
2. Main Heading
2.1 Sub heading
2.1.1 Sub Sub-Heading (optional)
2.1.2 Sub Sub-Heading Key to Abbreviations (3-5)
2.2 Sub heading 1. Vact. - vaccination
2.2.1 Sub Sub-Heading 2. govt - government
2.2.2 Sub Sub-Heading 3. --- higher
3. Main Heading
3.1
3.2
Summary (80 words) : Use only the notes made from the passage to summarize
it
 How to make Notes
• Read the passage provided thoroughly. If necessary
two/ three times. This helps in identifying the main
points of the passage.
• Underline the important sentences. It helps to make
headings and subheadings
• Make a rough note first so as to get an idea
• Organize them in logical order or sequence for the final
note
• Use the appropriate note making format
• Do not change the idea or the message of the passage
 Points to Remember for Note Making
• The Title should be either a word or a short phrase; it should not be a sentence
• Do not write full sentences in notes. Use phrases instead. Helping verbs ,
articles ,pronouns and determiners should be omitted.
• Ignore information which is less important
• Be brief, clear, and specific
• Use logical sequencing
• Use proper indention. Numbering must be clear to indicate Headings, and sub
headings. Such use of indenting gives your notes a visual character. At a glance
you can see the main idea and its aspects
• Leave no spaces to avoid confusion
• Do not include your own version or understandings
• Use abbreviations. Do not get over-enthusiastic . You should not abbreviate
every word. One abbreviation in point is enough.
• As a general rule, the Heading should not be abbreviated. You may use
abbreviations in subheadings.
• Write min3 and max 5 main heading and sub headings. Otherwise the note
making would become too lengthy.
 A Sample for Notemaking
• Q.Read the passage given below and make the notes.

• The small village of Somnathpur contains an extraordinary temple, built around 1268
A.D. by the Hoyasalas of Karnataka-one of the most prolific temple builders. Belur and
Helebid are among their-better-known works. While these suffered during the invasions of
the 14th century, the Somnathpur temple stands more or less intact in near-original
condition. This small temple captivates with the beauty and vitality of its detailed sculpture,
covering almost every inch of the walls, pillars, and even ceilings. It has three shikharas and
stands on a star-shaped, raised platform with 24 edges. The outer walls have a profusion of
detailed carvings: the entire surface run over by carved plaques of stone. There were vertical
panels covered by exquisite figures of gods and goddesses with many incarnations being
depicted. There were nymphs too, some carrying an ear of maize (a symbol of plenty and
prosperity. The elaborate ornamentation, very characteristic of Hoyasala sculptures, was a
remarkable feature. On closer look – and it is worth it – the series of friezes on the outer
walls revealed intricately carved caparisoned elephants, charging horsemen, stylized flowers,
warriors, musicians, crocodiles, and swans.

• The temple was actually commissioned by Soma Dandanayaka or Somnath (he named the
village after himself), the minister of the Hoyasala king, Narasimha the Third. The temple was
built to house three versions of Krishna. The inner center of the temple was
the kalyana mandapa. Leading from here were three corridors, each ending in a shrine, one
for each kind of Krishna-Venugopala, Janardana and Prasanna Keshava, though only two
remain in their original form. In the darkness of the sanctum sanctorum, I tried to discern the
different images. The temple’s sculptural perfection is amazing and it includes the doors of
the temple and the three elegantly carved towers.
 Solution
Title: Temple of Somnathpur
Notes
1. Prominent temples at Somnathpur:
1.1 built around 1268 A.D.
1.2 built by Hoyasalas.
1.3 built by most prlfc temple-builders.
1.4 better known temples
1.4.1 Belur , Helebid, Somnathpur
1.4.2 suffered during the invasions of 14th century
2. Somnath Temple: the beauty and vitality
2.1 Detailed sculpture-
2.1.1 covering walls, pillars, ceilings.
2.2 Three shikharas–
2.2.1 stands star-shaped
2.2.2 raised platform – 24 edges
2.3 The outer walls- detailed carvings
2.4 the entire surface- carved plaques of stone
2.5 Vertical panels covered by 
2.5.1 exq. Fig. of gods & goddesses
 Solution (Contd)
• 3. Characteristic of Hoyasala sculptures:
• 3.1 elaborate ornamentation
• 3.2 series of friezes
• 3.3 the outer walls revealed
•   3.3.1 intrcly carved caparisoned elephants .
• 3.3.2 charging horsemen
• 3.3.3 stylized flowers
• 3.3.4 warriors, musicians, crocodiles, and swans.
• 4. Temple in the History:
• 4.1 actually comm. Soma Dandanayaka or Somnath
• 4.2 inner center of temple ---- the kalyana mandapa.
• 4.3 Leading – three corridors
• 4.3.1 each ending in a shrine
• 4.4 Each kind of Krishna-Venugopala, Janardana and Prasanna
• Keshava
 Solution (Contd)
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS
1. prlfc- prolific
2 Exq.-exquisite
3. Fig.-figures
4. intrctly -- intricately
5. Comm.-commissioned
6. & -- and

Summary
Somnath temple, one of the prominent temples is situated in a small village
of Somnathpur. It was commissioned by Soma Dandanayaka or Somnath and
it was built around 1268A.D by prolific builders, the Hoysalas. Two other
temples , Belur and Helebid suffered during the 14th century invasions. The
temple of Somnath is famous for its beauty and vitality due to the sculptures
on the walls, pillars, and even the ceiling which are covered by exquisite
figures of gods and goddesses. The sculptures have a series of friezes on the
outer walls revealing carved elephants, charging horsemen and stylized
flowers .It has three corridors, each ending in a shrine, one for each version of
Krishna- Venugopala, Janardana and Prasanna Keshava.
 YO U
A NK
TH