Term 1

Integrated Science
For Second Form
 RECAP
Producers are Photosynthesis Photosynthesis The glucose
organisms that uses carbon produced is
is the process
make their own dioxide and converted to
food using by which green water in the starch and
energy from the plants make presence of stored in the
Sun. A green food in the sunlight and plant. It is also
plant is a chlorophyll to used to make
presence of
producer make glucose cellulose and
because it makes sunlight and and oxygen. proteins in the
food through the chlorophyll. plant. Oxygen is
process of given off as a by-
Photosynthesis. product.
 Photosynthesis

RAW MATERIALS
WEEK 2
 Specific Objectives
1. Examine the external adaptations of the leaf for
photosynthesis.
2. Examine the parts of the leaf
3. Draw and label the external structure of a leaf.
Photosynthesis occurs in the leaves of green plants.
ADAPTATIONs OF
the LEAF FOR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Leaves are thin. This enables sunlight and carbon
dioxide to reach all cells rapidly
• Leaves lie approximately 90 degrees to the Sun in
order to maximise their exposure to sunlight
• Leaves are broad and flat. This provide large surface
area for absorption of sunlight and carbon dioxide.

• Leaves have a large number of chloroplast which

contains chlorophyll that traps sunlight energy

• Leaves contain stomata which allow carbon dioxide

to diffuse into the leaf and oxygen to diffuse out.
• Leaves have a waxy cuticle- this is the waterproof
outer layer of the leaves. It prevents loss of water by
evaporation.
Leaves are thin
Leaves lie approximately 90 degrees to the
Sun
Leaves are broad and flat
Leaves have a large number of chloroplast
Leaves contain stomata
Leaves have a waxy cuticle
Parts of a leaf Do not draw!
 Must be done in
notebook

Activity – obtain a leaf from the

outside and Draw and annotate
your leaf using the diagram
below as a guide
 Apex/tip

Margin - The edge of the leaf is called the

margin
Lamina/blade - the green flat part of a leaf
that is specialized for photosynthesis.

Veins -To support the leaf and transport

water (xylem), mineral ions and sucrose
/sugar (phloem)
Midrib -The central, thick, linear vein that
runs along the length of a leaf. branches to
each side to produce veins of vascular tissue
Petiole -the stalk that supports a leaf in a plant
and attaches the leaf blade to the stem.
DIAGRAM SHOWING AN ANNOTATED LEAF