STAGES OF POLICY-MAKING

PROCESS

This topic illustrates the cyclical and iterative nature of the

public policy process. Each component is critical and
recognize in order for a policy to be successful.
Figure 2.1: The Public Policy Process
Credit: ThisNation.com(link is external)
 Problem identification is the starting point in this process and
will set the tone for the remainder of the cycle. In order to
achieve successful public policy, the problem must be clearly
defined and understood at an appropriate scale.

 Policy formulation representing an evolution of an idea and

solution that addresses the problem and does so in a way that is
socially acceptable and politically palatable.
 The adoption of the policy is an important formality, representing a
governing entity's commitment to enforcing the policy's tenets. Much
like policy formulation, policy implementation is also an iterative process
and may involve many stakeholders across agencies and governing
bodies.

 Successful implementation of a policy will be dependent not just on the

actors who are responsible for enforcing it, but also on how well it was
crafted during the problem identification and policy formulation stages.
Policy evaluation is an important perspective-building
exercise to assess successes and failures of the policy that
will inform the development of subsequent policies.
Evaluation can be either quantitative or qualitative in
nature, addressing progress toward tangible goals as well
as intended and unintended social, economic, and
environmental outcomes as a result of the policy's
implementation.
 REFERENCES AND OTHER READING
 MATERIALS
Stages of Public Policy
https://www.e-education.psu.edu/eme803/node/516
 BUCK-POLICY-PROCESS
 https://online.pointpark.edu/public-administration/policy-making-cycle/?fbclid=IwAR3knh
m9RhuJZgdJ8VkABTVzRtwCye-5lBNbHQ0rndF90Rjea-JNuWO8CLk
 https://www.slideshare.net/yhamskiey/policy-making-process?fbclid=IwAR14fmub-YMMNS
FD1U7ZzsFFu25R56sR7Ll66F3JLGQl-Sif7A23wUq4YhA
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySdlV9M5vIA
 https://www.slideshare.net/shahidimrank/policy-making-process-55162806?fbclid=IwAR0y
zbn5ZxRxOhJ0rbPdHVaOaK9aK865jA7y87TJ3BoV8XV3L_vGF1UpQFg
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnR8z00oeMg
 http://profwork.org/pp/formulate/define.html