Presentation on Hydraulics Engineering

Lecture 02

By
Md. Hakimuzzaman Shah
Coordinator
Department of Civil Engineering
DIU, Dhaka
 Title

Design of Channel
 Presentation Content

 Introduction
 Rigid Boundary or Non Erodible Channel
 Introduction

The hydraulic design of a channel, like an irrigation

canal or a drainage channel, involves the determination
of the cross sectional dimensional of the channel, For
instance. The bottom width b, the side slope s, the depth
of flow h
We consider the design of three types of channels:

1. Rigid boundary
2. Mobile boundary
3. Alluvial
Normally, a trapezoidal section is used when the
discharge is large. For small discharges, triangular
sections are used. Rectangular cross sections are also
used when the discharge is small or in special sections,
like rock cuts, steep chutes and cross drainage works.
 Freeboard:
The freeboard is the varticle distance between
the top of the channel and the water surface at
the design condition.
Fb=
Where, Fb is the freeboard in ft.
h is the depth of flow in ft.
c is a factor varying from 1.5 for Q<20ft3/sec
2.5 for Q>300ft3/sec
 Rigid Boundary or Non Erodible Channel

The provision of lining in a channel:

i. Permits the water to flow at high velocities
ii. Decreases seepage and percolation losses
iii. Reduces the costs of operation aned
maintenance
iv. Ensure the stability of the channel section
 Best Hydraulic Section:

A channel section that conveys the maximum

discharge for a given area is known as the best
hydraulic section.
Show that the best hydraulic rectangular section is one half of a square. Also
determine the geometric elements of best hydraulic rectangular section.
Solution:
For a rectangular section, A=bh, b= , P=b+2h=
Considering A to be constant and differentiating P with respect to h, we get
+2
For P to be minimum, =0, Hence we get,

+2=0 or, =0
B=2h
The geometric element of best hydraulic rectangular section
A=bh=2h2
P=b+2h=4h
R=
B=b=2h
D===h
Procedure for designing a channel with best
hydraulic section:

1. Compute the section factor for uniform flow

computation AR2/3 using, AR2/3=
2. Substitute the expression for A and R from Tble
5.1
3. Check for the minimum permissible velocity
4. Check for the froude number for flow
5. Add a proper freeboard
Minimum Permissible velocity: the minimium
permissible velocity is the lowest mean velocity of flow
that will prevent sedimentation and vegetative growth
2.5ft/sec
• For Trapezoidal channel, S=
• And b=2()h
THANK YOU

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