ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

WHAT IS ORGANIZATION & BEHAVIOUR?

 An organization or organization  is an entity
comprising multiple people, such as
an institution or an association, that has a
collective goal and is linked to an external
environment.

 Behavior are the sets of repeated reactions on a

similar action
WHY ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR?
 Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of the way people
behave individually & interact within groups which effects
the overall organizational effectiveness. Normally this study
is applied in an attempt to create more efficient business.

 The central idea of the study of organizational behavior is

that a scientific approach can be applied to the
management of employees or managing employees.

 Organizational behavior theories are used for human

resource purposes to maximize the output from individual
to group members and overall organization.
 HISTORY OF OB
 While Organizational Behavior as a field of
academic study wasn’t fully recognized by
the American Psychological Association until the
1970’s,
 Its roots go back to the late 1920’s when
the Hawthorne Electric Company set up a series
of experiments designed to discuss how changes in
environment and design changed the productivity
of their employees.
HAWTHRONE EXPERIMENTS I
 1. Experiments to determine the effects of
changes in illumination on productivity,
illumination experiments, 1924-27.
HAWTHRONE EXPERIMENTS II
 2. Experiments to determine the effects of
changes in hours and other working
conditions on productivity, relay assembly
test room experiments, 1927-28;
HAWTHRONE EXPERIMENTS III
  Conducting plant-wide interviews to
determine worker attitudes and sentiments,
mass interviewing programme, 1928-30; and
HAWTHRONE EXPERIMENTS IV
  Determination and analysis of social
organization at work, bank wiring
observation room experiments, 1931-32.
 CONCLUSION OF STUDIES
 1. Social Unit:
A factory is not only a techno-economic unit, but also a social unit. Men are
social beings. This social characteristic at work plays an important role in
motivating people. The output increased in Relay Room due to effectively
functioning of a social group with a warm relationship with its supervisors.
 2. Group Influence:
The workers in a group develop a common psychological bond uniting them as
£ group in the form of informal organisation. Their behaviour is influenced by
these groups. Pressure of a group, rather than management demands,
frequently has the strongest influence on how productive workers would be.
 3. Group Behaviour:
Management must understand that a typical group behaviour can dominate or
even supersede individual propensities.
 4. Motivation:
Human and social motivation can play even a greater role than mere monitory
incentives in moving or motivating and managing employee group.
 5. Supervision:
The style of supervision affects worker’s attitude to work and his
productivity. A supervisor who is friendly with his workers and takes interest
in their social problems can get co-operation and better results from the
subordinates.
 CONCLUSION OF STUDIES
 6. Working Conditions:
Productivity increases as a result of improved working conditions in the
organization.
 7. Employee Morale:
Mayo pointed out that workers were not simply cogs, in the machinery,
instead the employee morale (both individual and in groups) can have
profound effects on productivity.
 8. Communication:
Experiments have shown that the output increases when workers are
explained the logic behind various decisions and their participation in decision
making brings better results.
 9. Balanced Approach:
The problems of workers could not be solved by taking one factor i.e.
management could not achieve the results by emphasizing one aspect. All the
things should be discussed and decision be taken for improving the whole
situation. A balanced approach to the whole situation can show better results.
 BASIC OB
INPUT Process Output

•Task performance
•Emotions &
•Diversity •Citizenship
Moods behaviour
INDIVIDUAL •Personality •Perception •Withdrawal
•Values •Motivation behaviour

•Group structure •Communication

•Group roles •Leadership •Group cohesion
GROUP •Team - •Power & Politics •Group
responsibility •Conflicts Functioning

•Org Structure •Human resource

•Org Size mgmt •Productivity
ORGANISATION
•Org Culture •Change •Survival
Practices
 CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES
OF OB
 Managing workforce diversity
 Stimulating innovation and change
 Coping with temporariness
 Work life balance
 Working with networked organisations
 Dealing with globalisation
• Incresed foreign assingments
• Working with people from different culture
INDIAN DIVERSITY CONCERNS
 Gender
 Age
 Geographical
 Religious & Cultural
 Physically challenged
 Marital status
 Nationality
 Minority groups.
THANK YOU