ASSESSMENT OF THE ALLOY

SYSTEMS, CORRESPONDING TO
HYPOEUTECTIC CAST IRON AND
FACULTY OF FOUNDRY ENGINEERING CHROMIUM CAST IRON, USING THE
XXXVII INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CALPHAD METHOD
CONFERENCE
FOUNDRYMAN‘S DAY 2013 M. Wróbel
Krakow, 28 – 29 Nov. 2013 AGH University of Science and Technology
Faculty of Foundry Engineering.
Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
marek.wrobel@agh.edu.pl

T = 1290°C Moles Mass [g]

M2B_TETR 0.00541 0.21494
Composition
Component Mole Fraction Mass Fraction
Fe 0.37216 0.52329
Cr 0.29476 0.38589
B 0.33300 0.09064
Mo 0.00007 0.00018
T = 1290°C Moles Mass [g]
M7C3 0.15040 6.17027
Composition
Component Mole Fraction Mass Fraction
Cr 0.43705 0.55393
Fe 0.25950 0.35326
C 0.30000 0.08783
Mn 0.00309 0.00414
Mo 0.00036 0.00084 For greater amounts of Ti Mass % Ti = 0.2 Mo = 0.2
T = 1250°C Moles Mass [g]
another FCC phase appears FCC_A1#2 0.00243 0.07610
at lower temperatures with Composition
composition given in table. Component Mole Fraction Mass Fraction
Ti 0.41013 0.62770
C 0.47962 0.18414
Cr 0.09862 0.16391

S = 0.013 Linear (S = 0.013)

S = 0.09 Linear (S = 0.09)
Mole fraction of primary austenite

0.46

0.44

0.42

0.4

0.38

0.36

0.34
0.76 0.77 0.78 0.79 0.8 0.81 0.82 0.83

Eutectic saturation Sc

Possibilities of CALPHAD calculations:

• Determination of amount of primary austenite as a function of
eutectic saturation Sc.
• Finding influence of sulphur concentration on amount of primary
austenite and liquidus temperature.
• Estimation of inoculants’ amount for proper carrying out the
process.
• Computation of amount and temperature range for phases being a
substrates for nucleation to appear.
• Determination of role of other elements delivered to the system
together with inoculants.

Conclusions:
Given relationships are very helpful if not necessary in modelling,
both micro and macro, of the crystallization process. Knowing the
T = 1270°C Moles Mass [g] sequence and amount of each solidifying phase one can derive the
FCC_A1
Component
0.00066 0.03257
Mole Fraction Mass Fraction
speed of moving phase boundary for known conditions. The function
Nb 0.41746 0.78388 of amount of the fraction solid vs. temperature is being used in macro
C 0.49035 0.11903
Cr 0.08949 0.09405 modelling.
Fe
Mn
0.00264
0.00006
0.00298
0.00007
Moreover presented results show the area where the CALPHAD
method can be employed in the industry. Apart from precise
information on liquidus and solidus temperature, the results of
calculations for phases performing substrates for nucleation role are
demonstrated – one can estimate amount of inoculant needed for the
process or the temperature at which it would work properly.

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by AGH statutory project no. 15.11.170.483.