SOCIOLOGICAL &

ANTHROPOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE
• Sociology is scientific study of human life,
social groups, whole societies and the
human world whose subject matter is our
own behavior as social beings in
relationship with many other people
(Giddens & Sutton, 2016).
Anthropology is the inclusive study
of the human race, its culture and
society, and its physical development
(Heacock, 2009).
Content
The self as a product of modern society among other constructions

The Self and the Person in Contemporary Anthropology

The self-embedded in culture

 The Self as a Product of
Modern Society among other
Constructions

Presenter: John Mark J. Claveria & Vhenus R. Cabamongan

 Objectives
• Determine how modernization affects self-
development.
• Knowing the key characteristics of modernity, and
the social groups and social networks.
• Discuss George Mead’s concept of self.
Modernization has fundamentally altered
society, which has an impact on how a
person constructs and grows their sense of
self.
Modernization has enhanced people's quality of life.
In today's society, a person has the freedom to decide
where to live, what to do, and who to hang out with.
But when customs and conventional safety nets like
the family have lost significance, stability has also
declined. In contemporary society, individuality
rules and self-identity development is crucial.
Key Characteristics of Modernity:

• Industrialism
• Capitalism
• Institution of surveillance
• Dynamism
SOCIAL GROUPS AND SOCIAL NETWORKS

• George Simmel claimed that

people join social organizations to
form social networks. He argued
that every individual has an innate
human nature that is intrinsic to the
same. Meanwhile, social
interactions are just individual
motivations for him.
SOCIAL GROUPS AND SOCIAL
NETWORKS

• According to Simmel, social networks have also

changed due to urbanization. Group affiliations have
changed though these still help individuals develop
unique personalities.
SOCIAL GROUPS

• Social Groups is defined as a group of two or

more individuals engaging with one another,
sharing traits, and identifying as a part of the
group.
• Social Groups can be RATIONAL or ORGANIC.
Organic Group
• A naturally occurring • According to George
organic group is Simmel, you first join
impacted by your these groups because
family. Due to the lack your family is a member
of diversity in these of them. He called it
communities, this organic motivation.
typically develops in
traditional societies.
Rational Group
• The formation of • This is what Simmel
rational groupings is called logical
driven by a common motivation. Greater
self-interest. In freedom is implied by
rational groups,
addition, people
particularly the freedom
voluntarily join these to move about.
groups.
George Herbert Mead's Development
of Self
Three Stages of Self Formation According to Mead:
• Preparatory Stage - purely based on imagination.
• Play Stage - The stage where individuals realize
the importance of a healthy circle.
• Game Stage - This is when individuals begin to
simultaneously consider relationships.
Two Sides of Self:
Me & I
• Me - socialized
• I - active aspect
aspect of the
of the person
person
 The Self and the Person in
Contemporary Anthropology

Presenter: Shiela Marie B. Dela Cruz

 Objectives
• Define Contemporary Anthropology.
• Discuss the self as a unit but unitary and
self as a representation.
The study of the
present-day state of
humanity.
A Unit but Unitary

• Professor Katherine Ewing

(1990) defined the self as
incorporating the 'physical
organism, possessing
psychological functioning
and social attributes.'
A Unit but Unitary
• Neuroscientist Joseph Ledoux (2002)
conceptualized two aspects of the self, which are
implicit and explicit aspects of the self.

Implicit- an aspect Explicit- an aspect you're

you're not aware of consciously aware
A Unit but Unitary
• According to Ledoux (2007),
the self is dynamic, evolving as
a result of genetic maturation,
learning, forgetting, stress,
aging, and disease.
 Self as Representation
The self is illusory "Self-representation" to
(Ewing, 1989) refer to culturally
Ewing (1990) asserted influenced self-concepts
individuals have been seen to be that a person applies to
able to quickly portray various themselves
self-representations
The Self-embedded
in Culture

Presenter: Clinton John P. Dacanay

 Objectives
• Define Sociology
• Know about culture
• Appreciate the importance of culture
Culture is the meeting point of
anthropology and sociology in our self-
understanding, digging deep into how we
see ourselves, in light of the diverse
cultural influences that we have been
exposed to.
The founder of cultural
anthropology, Sir Edward B.
Tylor, defined culture as “
that complex whole which
includes knowledge, beliefs,
arts, morals, laws, customs,
and any other capabilities
and habits acquired by a
human as a member of
society”
Clifford Geertz believes
that a person is extremely
concerned not to present
anything individual but to
enact exclusively a
culturally prescribed role
or mask.
THANK YOU
for listening
POP QUIZ
The self is
illusory
He claimed that people join social
organizations to form social
networks. He argued that every
individual has an innate human
nature that is intrinsic to the same.
Anthropology is the inclusive study
of the human race, its culture and
society, and its physical
development.