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Content
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Technical Understanding (2)

Infrastructure Load Management

Charging Point
System Security
Operators
INFRASTRUCTURE
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Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Max Limit
MV LV
Transmission Tx
Tx

Distribution
How to connect a new charging point?

What if you need more power?

Perhaps for Electric Forecourt?
Questions
What if you need more power within the city area?

Support your CP with renewable energy

How to connect a new charging point?

What if you need more power?

Perhaps for Electric Forecourt?
Questions
What if you need more power within the city area?

Support your CP with renewable energy

How to connect a new charging point?
YG/OG OG/AG
Trafo Trafo

Max Limit 1
(kVA)
Contract Aggrement
(kW)
How to connect a new charging point?

What if you need more power?

Perhaps for Electric Forecourt?
Questions
What if you need more power within the city area?

Support your CP with renewable energy

What if you need more power?
Max Limit
YG/OG OG/AG
Trafo Trafo

Max Limit
(kVA) 1

2
Contract Aggrement
(kW)

Option for Diff. Tariff

How to connect a new charging point?

What if you need more power?

Perhaps for Electric Forecourt?
Questions
What if you need more power within the city area?

Support your CP with renewable energy

GRIDSERVE Example
• Planing 100 charging sites on busy routes and near powerful grid
connections close to towns, cities and major transport hubs in the
UK.
• Charge 24 electric vehicles at once with superchargers that can
deliver up to 350kW
• using 100% renenewable energy
• Brainstree, Essex , UK

Source: https://www.arup.com/projects/gridserve-electric-forecourt
How to connect a new charging point?

What if you need more power?

Perhaps for Electric Forecourt?
Questions
What if you need more power within the city area?

Support your CP with renewable energy

Support the CP with renewable energy

2 Gree
n Ce
rtific
a te

1
 LOAD
MANAGEMENT
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 Load Management Types

Load Sharing
Smart Charging Load Scheduling

Customer Segmentation

Onsite Storage & Renewable Integration

Load Sharing • Primary benefit: Eliminate or reduce the need for
infrastructure upgrades
• a site’s circuit breaker,
• panel
• transformer

Source: https://greenlots.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Load_Management.pdf
Load Scheduling • Reduce electricity costs
• By shifting charging to cheaper hours,
• Assure EVs are always charged to meet operational
requirements.
Onsite Storage & • Energy storage or solar PV systems provide additional
power

Renewable • Can be used when electricity prices are higher than normal

Integration
• Reduce utility bills
• Minimize peak demand charges
COMPANIES
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CPOs
• ChargePoint 
• took over General Electric’s 10,000 charging stations
• has around 60,000 in total, US, Canada, Mexico, 
• annual revenues in the region of $42 million.
• BP – ChargeMaster(UK) – PowerShare (China) – FreeWire
(Mobile)
• Shell -GreenLots – NewMotion
• 30,000 points across Europe
• Daimler - RWE Effizienz (Utility)
• Daimler – EnBW (700 charging points)
 • Siemens
• EVgo - ABB (1,050 chargers in the USA)
• EVBox
• 60,000 installed across the globe.
• 700 fast charging stations from EVTronic
• partnered with many companies, including energy and utility companies such

CPOs
as Engie and Eon.
• G2Mobility – Total
• fast-charging solutions
• 10,000 charging points
• Efacec (Portugal)
• “quick charging” to “ultra fast charging”, 
• Source:
https://roboticsandautomationnews.com/2019/05/01/top-20-electric-vehi
cle-charging-station-companies/22138/
 SOFTWARE
NEEDS
IN
C
E-MOBILITY
ECOSYSTEM
Roaming Roles
 Source:https://greenlots.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/SKY_Enterprise.pdf

Station Management User Management Flexible Pricing Billing & Payment

Control charging stations
Commission and update
stations,
View their real-time operational
status.
Add and edit users (both EV Set pricing rates by time Get billing and payment.
drivers and admins), intervals Process credit cards,
assign RFID cards to drivers. Incentivize charging during Accepting payments from EV
certain periods, drivers, and paying site hosts.
Offer free charging, discounts,
Subscription pricing,
Set transaction and idle fees.
Source:https://greenlots.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/SKY_Enterprise.pdf

Reports Driver Engagement 24/7 Customer Support

charging sessions,
revenue earned,
energy delivered,
EV charger faults.
Mobile app and EV Driver Portal Receive toll-free customer support
Easily find chargers, start and end that helps you and your drivers
charging sessions, solve payment and charging issues.
Pay for charging,
Access session history
Payment transactions data.
SYSTEM SECURITY
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 A vital component of the charging process.

Enable:
• Vehicle or driver authentication
• Transfer of payment
• Transfer of charging data

Paths of Attacks
Data • In-vehicle applications
• Smart phone applications
Connectivity • Remote connectivity between stations and MSPs

CAN & ETHERNET SECURITY

• Message Authentication
• Deep packet inspection
• Context analysis
• Interception

Source: https://ariloutech.com/
 Source: https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/12/13084354/ChargePoint-Hom

Kaspersky & ChargePoint Study (Dec

2018)
Vulnerability Device supports:

• remote control of the charging process • Wi-Fi and Bluetooth protocols

• an attacker could stop a car’s charging
process at any time
• an attacker needs to obtain Wi-Fi access to
the network the charger is connected to
• someone could in theory adjust the
maximum current that can be consumed
during charging
• J1772 EV socket type
• Two output power levels – 16 Amp and 32
Amp
• Offers remote start, scheduling, reminder,
energy tracking and other remote features
through the ChargePoint mobile app

Whether there is any reason to implement wireless interfaces when there is no real need.
The benefits they bring are often outweighed by the security risks.
 ChargePoint Mobile App
2 main functions

• Account management for public charging stations.

• Registration and control of home charging stations
Reset to Factory Defaults hack
Case of station registration:

• smartphone connects to the station via Bluetooth,

• sets maximum consumable current
• binds serial number to user account.
• station connects to remote backend server

All commands are send to the device in a JSON packed format.

The application is written in Java.

 ChargePoint Hardware
1 Power Board 2 Panda Board

• Used for commutation between • based on an AT91 MPU with ARM architecture,
• electrical network • external firmware storage
• vehicle’s outlet 1 • RAM connection.
• Based on an MCU developed • Firmware is stored on the Flash NAND chip
by Texas Instruments. designed by Micron.
• Wireless communications supports
• WiFi,
• Bluetooth
• NFC protocols.
• NFC protocol is for payment cards.

2
OCPP Security
• Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313781416_OCPP_Protocol_Security_Threats_and_Challenges
EXTRA
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BP – Freewire Mobile CP

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKyPhjeBmhQ