CoilCADE

Design Aids Module

Module CT26
Software Design Tools
 Design Aids Module
 Solids Transport and Removal Module
 Wellbore Simulator

For designing hydraulics and solids transport of CT

operations :
Sand cleanouts
N2 kickoffs
CT drilling
Hydraulics Design Considerations

 Downhole pressure within limits

 Hole cleaning
 Foam quality for effective transport
 Pressure within CT and equipment limits
 Minimizing liquid and gas volumes
Design Aids Module (DAM)
General Features :
 Minimum data input
 Quick to run
 Hydraulics calculations include
 the entire flow path: CT and annulus
 liquid, foam, gas
 hydrostatic and friction pressures
 Sensitivity plots
Design Aids Module (DAM)
General Assumptions :

 One-dimensional model
 Steady-state
 CT on the reel as straight pipe for pressure drop
 No CT movement
 No reservoir (except in N2 Lift)
Design Aids Module (DAM)
Six design options (sub-modules) :
 Liquid Circulation
 Foam Circulation
 Liquid + Gas Lift
 Liquid pumped down CT and gas injection into annulus
 N2 Lift
 Continuous lifting liquid well with N2 pumped down CT
 Sand pickup
 Sand concentration in flow after being picked up
 Flow velocity
 Liquid Circulation
 Application : liquid circulation operations
 e.g. fill cleanouts, drilling

 Objective : to determine
 liquid pump rate
 liquid type

 based on the design criteria of

 circulation pressure
 downhole pressure
Liquid Circulation
Assumptions :
 Newtonian and power-law fluids
 Empirical look-up table of friction
pressure drop vs. flow rate
 No Bingham fluid in this version
 No solids
Liquid Circulation
Two graphical output plots :

Design parameters Pumping parameters

 Circulation pressure  Liquid rate
versus
 Downhole pressure  Liquids
 Foam Circulation
 Application : foam circulation operations e.g. fill cleanouts,
drilling
 Objective : to determine
 liquid pump rate in foam
 gas pump rate in foam
 Based on the design criteria of
 downhole pressure
 circulation pressure

 foam quality

 downhole flow rate

 Foam Circulation
Assumptions :
 N2 as the gas phase

 CT speed for solids concentration only

 Perfect transport (no solids settling)
 Friction pressure dependent on foam
quality and base liquid n’ and k’ (from
published literature)
 Foam Circulation
Two sets of total nine graphical output plots :

Design parameters
 Circulation pressure
Pumping parameters
 Downhole pressure
 Liquid rate
 Foam quality versus
 Downhole flow rate
 Gas rate
 DAM - DHP in Foam Circulation
4000
3800 1.5 bpm
Downhole pressure (psi)

3600 2.0 bpm

2.5 bpm
3400
3200
3000
2800
2600
2400
2200
2000
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Gas rate (scfm)

DAM - Foam Quality
 Liquid + Gas Lift
 Application : operations with gas injection through lift
valve or parasite string,
e.g. underbalanced drilling
 Objective : to determine
 liquid pump rate down CT
 gas pump rate into annulus

 Based on the design criteria of

 downhole pressure
 circulation pressure
 Liquid + Gas Lift
Assumptions :
 CT end below gas injection (valve) depth
 Only one gas injection point (valve)

 N2 or reservoir gas as injection gas

 No solids
 Friction pressure for gas/liquid two-phase
flow dependent on flow regime in
annulus
 Liquid + Gas Lift
Two graphical output plots :

Design parameters Pumping parameters

 Circulation pressure  Gas rate
versus
 Downhole pressure  Liquid rate
CT Drilling with Gas
Injection
Liquid

Coiled Tubing
(2 in.) Tubing (4.5 in.)

6,000 ft Reservoir Gas

Drilled Hole (3.5 in.)

Reservoir 9,720 ft TVD

10,400 ft MD
 N2 Lift
 Application : N2 lift assisted well production or

as a guideline
for N2 kickoff

operations
 Objective : to determine
 N2 pump rate
 CT depth

 Based on the design criteria of

 production rate
 downhole pressure

 circulation pressure
N2 Lift
Assumptions :
 Liquid reservoir

 N2 as injection gas

 Reservoir inflow based on productivity index

 Friction pressure for gas/liquid two-phase flow
dependent on flow regime in annulus

Tip : Use wellbore liquid as produced fluid

for N2 kickoff design
 N2 Lift
Three graphical output plots :

Design parameters
 Production rate
Pumping parameters
versus  CT depth
 Circulation pressure
 Gas rate
 Downhole pressure
N2 Kickoff (Unloading)
N2 injection

Coiled Tubing

Wellbore

Reservoir
DAM - Effects of CT Depth and N2
Rate
1.8

1.6
Production rate (bpm)

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6
300 scfm
0.4 600 scfm
900 scfm
0.2
1200 scfm
0
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

CT depth (ft)
Sand Pickup
 Application : fill cleanout or drilling

operations
 Objective : to determine
 speed of CT running into

solids fill
 Based on the design criteria of
 solids concentration in flow
Sand Pickup
Assumptions :
 All solids picked up and mixed into flow
 Solids concentration in flow just above fill
 Settling based on spherical particles
Sand Pickup
Three graphical output plots :

Design parameters Pumping parameters

 CT speed
 Solids concentration versus
 Flow rate
Fill Cleanout

Coiled Tubing

Wellbore

Sand fill

Reservoir leakoff/inflow
Flow Velocity
 Application : fluid circulation

operations
 Objective : to determine
 flow rate in annulus
 CT size (OD)

 Based on the design criteria of

 flow velocity in annulus

Assumption :
• Averaged velocity over annulus cross section
Flow Velocity

One graphical output plot :

Design parameters Pumping parameters

 Flow rate
 Flow velocity versus
 CT size (OD)
 Design Aids Module (DAM)
Graphics output of 20 sensitivity plots :

Design parameters
 Circulation pressure Pumping parameters
 Downhole pressure  Liquid rate
 Foam quality
 Gas rate
 Downhole flow rate
versus  CT Speed
 Production rate
 Sand concentration  CT depth
 Flow velocity  Fluids
 Operation design criteria
(pressure limits, foam quality range, etc.)

DAM

Pumping parameters to be used in schedule

(liquid, gas rates, CT speed, etc.)
Solids Transport and Removal
Module
 Application : fill cleanouts and drilling in

wells of any deviation

 Objective : to determine
 fluid viscosity
 flow rate

 Based on design criteria of

 all solids in suspension
 solids bed formation and movement

Assumption : turbulent flow to prevent bed

Solids Transport and
Removal
– Quick, simple model; only wellbore, coiled tubing,
fluid and fill data required
 Allows experimentation to determine optimum pump rate, fluid,
coiled tubing size, and/or penetration rate

– Shows areas of concern in deviated wellbores

 Ensures safer and more efficient cleanouts

– Predicts the formation and movement of a solids bed

in deviated sections
 Design decisions can be made for any wellbore, vertical to
horizontal
Solids Transport and Removal (STR)
Flow Regime Map
pipe diameter: 4.95in CT diameter: 1.75in fluid K': 1.0 ecp
n':1.0 fill SG: 2.65 fill diameter: 600 micron
18

16

14
fully suspended
bed sliding up
12
flowrate (bpm)

10

8
stationary bed
6

4 bed sliding
down
2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
deviation from vertical