Combat Reports

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SSgt. Claudio
CORE0109 1
Overview
 Intelligence cycle  ZMIST
 Position report  Helicopter
 Situation report Landing Zone
 Causality report Brief (LZ Brief)
 TACEVAC/NATO  Helicopter
9-Line manifest
 Shell report
 Crater analysis
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The Intelligence Cycle
 Planning & Direction – Identify intel requirements,
Commanders estimate of the situation.

 Collection – gathering of intel.

 Processing – conversion of raw data into intel.

 Dissemination – timely provision of intel to those

who need to know (GRUNTS)

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Position Report
 Position Report is sent to higher normally every 6
hours or as requested by higher to report your
current position. Normally given if you travel
farther than 500 meters away from your last
reported position if calling for fire.
 May contain the following info.
· If moving along a route than just Northing or
Easting.
· Orientation. Cardinal direction.
· Time. Last two digits.

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Position Report
(Receiver) this is (Sender) stand by for POSREP, over.
Grid- ______, over.

“G Main this is 1/1 stand by for POSREP, over.”

“Grid- FJ 3290 6313, over.”

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QUESTIONS???
 At a minimum, what must the POSREP
contain?
· A six-digit grid to your position.

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Situation Report
Used as a way to let higher know current situation. Sent every 6
hrs. or upon request from higher.

YOU this is ME, standby for SITREP, over…

1. DTG – ______
  2. Friendly position (encrypted) – _____
3. Activities conducted (since last report) – ______
  4. Actions planned (next 6-hour period) – _____
  5.  Logistical requirements (food, ammunition,
pyrotechnics, water, and so on) – ________
6.  Personnel casualties (since last CASREP) – ______
7. Remarks – ________ 9
Situation Report
“G Main this is 1/1 SITREP #22, Kokohead
1:50,000, over.”
 
“17 1346L Sept 06, FJ 3290 6313, inserted at
primary LZ, established a patrol base, break.”
 
“Medevac of 1st team leader, going out on
contact patrol, re-supply on water, need more
5.56, break.”
 
“Cpl Taylor, left ankle break, none, over.”
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Questions?
 When should you send a situation
report to higher?
· It should be sent every 6 hours, or
whenever higher requests one.

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Casualty Report
Used to report any casualties received during your
operation.

(Receiver) this is (Sender) CASREP (serial number

followed by map sheet details as required) , over.
1. DTG - (two digit date, four digit time –local or zulu,
Month and two digit year) 08 0600L NOV 18
2. Killed in action (KIA) – How many?
3. Wounded in action (WIA) - How many?
  4. Missing in action (MIA) - How many?
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Casualty Report
5. A six-column report format is used when reporting friendly casualties.

 
a. RANK NAME SSN UNIT TYPE OF EVAC STATUS
b. WOUND

c.  

6. Remarks

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Casualty report
“G Main this is 1/1, CASREP #22,
Kokohead 1:50,000, over.”
 
“10 1346L Nov 18
KIA 0
WIA 1
MIA 0, break.”
 
“Lcpl Bate, 3416, L3/4, GS Abdomen, Urgent,
break.”
“Blood type A+, over.”

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Questions?
What is the purpose of a casualty
report?

To let higher know the status of any

injured Marine.

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TACEVAC/NATO 9 - Line
 Standardized report used by all countries affiliated
with united Nations.

 Line 1: Grid of PZ (encrypt).

 Line 2: Freq/Call sign.
 Line 3: Number of patients by priority.
a. Urgent. b. Priority c. Routine
 Line 4: Special equipment required.
a. None. d. Ventilator.
b. Hoist. e. Other.
c. Extraction.
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TACEVAC/NATO 9 - Line

 Line 5: Number of patients by type.

· Ambulatory.
· Litter (L).
· Escort (E).
 Line 6: Security of PZ.
· No enemy (N).
· Possible enemy (P).
· Enemy in the area (E).
· Armed escorts required (X).

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TACEVAC/NATO 9 - Line
 Line 7: Method of marking the PZ.
a. Panels. e. Other.
b. Pyro.
c. Smoke.
d. None.
 Line 8: Casualty nationality and status.
a. US/C Military. e. EPW/PUC.
b. US/C Civ. f. Child.
c. Non-US/C Military. d. Non-US/C Civ.

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TACEVAC/NATO 9 - Line
 Line 9: Details of PZ/CBRN contamination (if
applicable).
· Chem (C).
· Bio (B).
· Radiological (R).
· Nuclear (N).

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What information should be
given in line 2?

Freq and call sign.

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ZMIST
 The ZMIST report is given to higher for each
casualty. It is used to compliment the NATO 9 Line
and CAS Rep.

 1. ZAP/Roster/Admin Number.
 2. Mechanism of Injury.
 3. Injuries sustained.
 4. Signs/Symptoms.
 5. Treatment rendered.

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ZMIST
G main, this is 1/1, standby for ZMIST, over
1. CL1173
2. GS wound
3. Abdomen, break
4. Moderate bleeding, stable
5. Hemorrhage controlled w/ pressure dressing,
monitoring casualty.

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Questions???
What makes up your ZAP number?
The first 2 letters of the last name and the last 4 of
your social.

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Landing Zone Brief
 Line 1: Mission number.
 Line 2: Location (coord, radius, diameter).
 Line 3: Unit call sign.
 Line 4: Frequency (Primary, secondary both UHF
and FM).
 Line 5: LZ markings. (smoke, air panel, buzzsaw,
etc.)
 Line 6: Wind directions and velocity.
 Line 7: Elevation and size.

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Landing Zone Brief
 Line 8: Obstacles.
 Line 9: Friendly positions (direction and distance).
 Line 10: Enemy position (direction and distance).
 Line 11: Last fire received (time and type).
 Line 12: Direction of fire and distance.
 Line 13: Clearance to fire direction and distance.
 Line 14: Approach and retirement (recommended).
 Line 15: Personal equipment.
 Line 16: Other.

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Helicopter borne Operations
 The Helicopter Borne Manifest Brief is developed when a
mission requires a vertical insert/ extraction.
 1. Identify rank..
 2. Identify name
 3. Identify blood type.
 4. Identify EDIPI.
 5. Identify mission essential equipment.
 6. Identify gross weight of personnel and equip.
 7. Elevation and size.
 Bump Plan: essentials Marines & gear loaded
ahead
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Questions?
When is the landing zone brief given?
As soon as you are able to get
communication with the HELO.

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Shell Report
 Whenever and wherever hostile cannon, missile, or
mortar shelling is detected, it must be reported
without delay to the appropriate S-2.
 When counter fire agencies are provided with
sufficient information, they can implement
immediate operational objectives to ensure the
successful attack of hostile weapons.
 The Shell Report is called in during or after you
have received or observed indirect fire.

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Shell Report
 A. DTG ___________
 B. Unit of Origin____________
 C. Position of Observer______________
 D. Azimuth to enemy gun: You must do a crater
analysis to get this
 E. Time shelling started: DTG
 F. Time shelling stopped: DTG
 G. Coordinates of area shelled, if a map is available:
Give a grid cord or a polar plot

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Shell Report
 H. Nature of fire: Destruction, harassing, or
registration
 I. Number and type of shell: How many rounds and
what kind were fired
 J. Flash bang time in seconds: If observed, 330
Meters(1,100 feet) per second
 K. BDA________________
 L. Remarks____________________________

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Shell Report
“G Main this is 1/1 SHELLREP #22, Kokohead
1:50,000, over.”
  “Line Alpha: DTG

Line Bravo: 1/1

Line Charlie: MS 985883, break.

  Line Delta: 237mag

Line Echo: 1728L

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Shell Report
Line Foxtrot: 1745L, break.

Line Golf: MS 945455

Line Hotel: harassing

Line India: 12 rounds unknown, break

Line Juliet: 6 seconds

Line Kilo: 0 percent, over.”

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QUESTIONS???

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Crater Analysis
 Able to determine the direction of fire of an enemy
projectile with reasonable accuracy by analyzing
its crater or ricochet furrow
 Obtain EN WPN location by plotting an intersection
of the back-azimuth rays of two or more widely
separated craters.
 Involves:
· Locate suitable crater.
· Determining the grid of crater.
· Type of shell & caliber (if possible)
· Measure the azimuth of the axis to the weapon
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Artillery Shell Craters
 Fuse tunnel and center
of crater method:

· 1: Place stake in center

· 2: Place second stake in
fuze furrow
· 3: set up compass in
line with stakes
· 4: orient compass
· 5: measure direction

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Artillery Shell Craters
 Side spray method:  5: Set up compass in
· 1: Place stake in line with stake at
center intersection
· 2: Place two stakes  6: Orient compass
equidistant from the  7: Measure direction
center stake
· 3: Strike an arc
· 4: Place a stake where
arcs intersect

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Mortar Shell Craters
 Main axis method:
· 1: Lay a stake along
the main axis of
crater
· 2: Set up compass in
line with stake
· 3: Orient compass
· 4: Measure direction

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Mortar Shell Craters
 Splinter groove method:
· 1: Lay a stake along the
ends of splinter grooves
· 2: Lay second stake
perpendicular to first
stake through axis of fuse
tunnel
· 3: Set up compass in line
with second stake
· 4: Orient compass
· 5: Measure direction

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Mortar Shell Craters
 Fuze tunnel method:
· 1: Place stake in fuse tunnel
· 2: Set up compass in line with stake
· 3: Orient compass
· 4: Measure direction

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Questions?
 What are the three type of mortar
crater analysis?
· Main axis method
· Splinter groove
· Fuse tunnel

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IED/UXO Report
 Line 1: DTG item was discovered.
 Line 2: Unit reporting the activity and the location
of the IED/UXO (10 digit grid.)
 Line 3: Contact method.
· Radio freq.
· POC.
· Call sign.
· Phone number.

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IED/UXO Report
 Line 4: Munitions type and quantity.
 Line 5: CBRN containment.
 Line 6: Resources threatened.
 Line 7: Impact on mission.
 Line 8: Protective measures.
 Line 9: Recommended priority.

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Practical Application

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Shell Report
On 1775 NOV 10th at 1405, you see a flash on the far side of the draw and then hear an explosion
that lands approximately 500 meters to your right. You have determined that it is an HE artillery
round. You look at your watch and see another flash and count twenty seconds until you hear its
explosion. Rounds are hitting as close as 150 meters to your position and you realize that it is
harassing fire. You have your squad break contact West six o’clock, 200 meters. While moving to
the link up point, another round hits behind you at the point you were just at a minute ago at
grid MG 539 654. Three more rounds hit that point one right after another and then stop. You
look at your watch again and the time is now 1420. You move to the link up point at MG 537 654,
conduct a head count, and find that all are present and accounted for. No crater analysis has
been conducted. Send the appropriate report.
Sparta This is SQD # Stand by for SHELL report, over

A) DTG
B) 1/1
C) MG 537 654
D) Unknown
E) 1405L
F) 1420L
G) MG 539 654
H) Harassing 6 X HE (unknown caliber)
I) 6 X HE (unknown caliber)
J) 20 seconds
K) BDA
L) Remarks

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Casualty Report
You are 1st Squad Leader (1st Plt, C co) on a combat patrol in the middle of Bellows Village.
During the execution of your patrol you make physical contact with the enemy. The Enemy is
operating in a squad size element and are attempting to ambush your squad from a ridge to your
west, 200 meter away. The insurgents hit you with soviet style small arms and RPG’s. You
establish a base of fire with your 2nd Team and your APL directing fires. Then assault from the
North with a maneuver element made of your 1st and 2nd Fire Teams and you are leading the assault.
During the assault you destroy the enemy and take two friendly casualties from your assault
element. Their information is as follows:
LCpl Slaughter, A. G. / AB+ / 1234 / Gun shot wound to the neck
Cpl Gold, S. M. / B+ / 4321 / Gun shot wound to the RT Arm (Bicep)
You have consolidated and reorganized your Squad on the enemy position, and have prepared for
enemy counter attack. You are at grid MS 503 791 and you need to send a Casualty Report to Sparta
IOT inform your higher unit of your situation and get your Marines to medical aid.

 SPARTA This is 1/1 Stand by for _CASUALTY Report, over 

 LINE 1: DD MM YEAR /TIME
 LINE 2: 0
 LINE 3: 2
 LINE 4: 0
 LINE 5: LCpl / Slaughter, AG / 1234 / 1st Plt, C co / G-S wound to neck / urgent
Cpl / Gold, SM / 4321 / 1st Plt, C co / G-S wound to R bicep / urgent
 LINE 6: NONE

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LZ Brief
You are C co., 1st Plt., 1st Squad. Your mission number is 1001, radio freq 35.55. You have just
completed your casualty report and are waiting to extract your two wounded Marines. It has been 45
min since last contact from the enemy, direction of enemy fire was 200m to the west. The enemy is
still believed to be at grid MS 503 791. You have found a suitable LZ site at MS 500 771 which is
an open field of about 500m X 500m. The wind is coming in from the South West at about 10mph.
Your squad is 200m South of LZ.

1.___1001

2.___MS 500 771

3.___1/1

4.___35.55

5.___Smoke, Air panel, NATO “Y”, etc..

6.___SW at 10mph

7.___500 x 500 in open

8.___none

9.___south, 200M

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LZ Brief Cont…
10.__West, 500M

11.__45 min

12.__To the West 200 meters

13.__Clear to fire

14.__Approach from the South, retire to the East

15.__Two friendly WIA

16.__Other remarks

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Questions?

What type of grid should be given

in line 2 of the UXO/IED report?

A 10 digit grid.

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Summary
 Intelligence cycle  ZMIST
 Position report  Helicopter Landing
 Situation report Zone Brief (LZ Brief)
 Causality report  Helicopter manifest
 TACEVAC/NATO 9-  Shell report
Line  Crater analysis

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Performance Evaluations

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