Parts

of DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Mary Rose V. Ronquillo
Santo Tomas ES-Calauan District
Digestion
⮚Process by which food is eaten or broken down to its simplest
components

CARBOHYDRATES → Glucose
TYPES OF DIGESTION PROTEINS→ Amino Acids
1.Mechanical Digestion FATS AND OIL→ Fatty Acids
⮚ The breaking down of foods
into chewable pieces
2. Chemical Digestion Alimentary Canal-digestive
⮚ breakdown of food in the tract
mouth, stomach and intestines
through the use of acids and
enzymes
Mouth
Receives the food you eat

Inside the mouth:

TONGUE- moves the food
TEETH- bite, cut and chew the food
SALIVA- sticky fluid with colorless and
watery appearance
esophagus
⮚ a muscular tube that in
humans is about nine
inches (23 centimeters)
long and passes from
the pharynx down the
neck to the stomach
PERISTALSIS- wavelike

movement
of
stomach
⮚ The stomach is a hollow
muscular, J-shaped organ
in the abdomen
⮚ secretes acid and enzymes
that digest food
⮚ the inside has small folds
called rugae

SPHINCTER- smooth circular muscles at the upper and

lower ends of stomach
liver ⮚ Largest organ inside the body

FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER

1. It produces the bile, a
substance that helps in the
digestion of fats
2. Process digested food
3. Stores glycogen, vitamins
and minerals which are
released when needed by
the body
Gall bladder
⮚ A small muscular sac
that is attach to the
liver
⮚ Stores the bile from the
liver and pass it to the
small intestine
pancreas
⮚ An organ that lies behind
the stomach
⮚ Produce the pancreatic juice
⮚ Secretes the hormone
insulin and glucagon
PANCREATIC JUICE-
INSULIN AND
neutralize or weakens the acid
GLUCAGON
in food inside the stomach
–regulate the body’s
before it moves to the small
sugar balance and
intestine
Small intestine
⮚ a narrow corrugated tube
that is about 7 meters and
2.5 cm. in diameter long
⮚ The inner lining of the
small intestine is folded
into tiny fingerlike
projections called villi
⮚ Digests food which can be
THREE PARTS OF SMALL
absorbed by the body
INTESTINE
1. Duodenum 3. Ileum
Large intestine
⮚ About 1.5 meters long and
5 centimeters in diameter
⮚ Absorbs water from
undigested food and hold
the undigested food for a
while and then excrete it as
feces
RECTUM - end of the large
intestine
ANUS – exit of feces