4th Quarter Week 1

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DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Week 1
Objectives
1. Describe the functions of each organ of the digestive
system and trace the pathway of food through the
digestive tract.
2. Discuss how digestive organs work together to carry out
digestion of food and assimilation of nutrient.
3. Illustrate how ingestion, absorption, assimilation, and
excretion take place in the interaction of Digestive
System with the circulatory, respiratory and excretory
system.
Accessory Organ
Is a structure that assists the functionality
of other organs in a system

Enzymes
biological molecules (typically proteins) that
significantly speed up the rate of digestion
Ingestion Digestion Absorption

PROCESS OF
DIGESTION
Assimilation Excretion
 INGESTION
- The process of taking food
into the digestive system.
 Mouth
- A hollow opening where food is taken in.
- Where mechanical digestion starts
- Where chewing or mastication takes place

Saliva
 Esophagus
- When you swallow, your tongue pushes the
food into your throat. A small flap of tissue,
called epiglottis, folds over your windpipe to
prevent choking as the food passes into your
esophagus.
 Peristalsis
- After you
swallow,
peristalsis pushes
the food down
your esophagus
into your stomach.
 DIGESTION
- The process where food is then
broken down into simpler
substances through the help of
enzymes
 Stomach
- A pea-shaped organ where chemical digestion
starts
- Glands in your stomach lining make stomach acid
and enzymes that break down food. Muscles in
your stomach mix the food with these digestive
juices.

Gastric acid Pepsin

(carbohydrates) (Proteins)
 Accessory Organs
Pancreas
- make a digestive juice that has enzymes that
break down carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
It delivers the digestive juice to the small
intestine through small tubes called ducts.

Amylase Pancreatic
Trypsin Lipase
 Accessory Organs
Liver
- makes a digestive juice called bile that helps
digest fats and some vitamins. Bile ducts carry
bile from your liver to your gallbladder for
storage, or to the small intestine for use.

Bile
 Accessory Organs
Gallbladder
- Your gallbladder stores bile, between meals.
When you eat, your gallbladder squeezes bile
through the bile ducts into your small intestine
Accessory Organs
 ABSORPTION
- the digested food is absorbed
into the bodily fluids from the
alimentary canal.
 Small Intestine
- A long tube-like organ that connects the
stomach and the large intestine.
- It is about 20 feet long and folds many times to
fit inside the abdomen.
- Has 3 parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
- The process of absorption
takes place in the small
intestine with the help of villi
- The muscles of the small intestines mix food
with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver
and intestine, and push the mixture forward for
further digestion. The walls of the small
intestine absorb water and the digested
nutrients into your bloodstream.
 ASSIMILATION
The chemicals from food are then
taken into the cells of the body. The
food is absorbed by blood and is
transported to various parts of the
body by the blood vessels.
 EXCRETION
The undigested food must be
expelled or eliminated from the body
as waste materials. In the
 Large Intestine
- is the part of the digestive system most
responsible for absorption of water from the
indigestible residue of food
 Rectum

- the final section of the large intestine,

terminating at the anus.
Process of
Digestion
Valedictorian:
Dorothea Lastra
Salutatorian:

Sherwin Jay Dedel