SELF-LEARNING MODULE

GRADE 8
QUARTER 1

WEEK 1
MUSIC
A. Listens perceptively to music of Southeast Asia (MU8SE-Ia-h-2)

MOST B. Analyzes musical elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces heard and
ESSENTIAL performed (MU8SE-Ib-h-4)
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES C. Explores ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that would simulate
instruments being studied (MU8SE-Ic-h-5)

D. Improvises simple accompaniment to selected Southeast Asian music (MU8SE-Ic-h-6) (

TOPICS 1. Southeast Asian Music

2. Musical Elements in Southeast Asian Music
3. Music of Southeast Asia: Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar

TO THE
LEARNERS

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks which may
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to
successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module. Use separate sheet of paper
in answering the exercises.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next page.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to ask help from your Teacher. Enjoy studying!

HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY!

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 EXPECTATION

In this module, learners are expected to discover different music of

our neighbouring countries in Southeast Asia as well as listen perceptively,
analyze and familiarize the sample music of Southeast Asian music, culture and
traditions; identify and analyze the different musical elements of selected songs
in Southeast Asia; appreciate and relate to different instrumental music and its
purpose; experience the different sounds coming from selected Southeast Asian
Country’s different musical instruments; and, create and improvise simple
accompaniments to selected Southeast Asian Music using recycled materials.

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

Southeast Asian Music: Musical Tradition and Practice

Southeast Asian has diversity of music because of the different

geographical, historical and cultural influences in the region. BURMA,
CAMBODIA, LAOS AND THAILAND have Chinese influences, while BRUNEI,
INDONESIA and MALAYSIA have Hindu and Arabic influences. The voice's
role in music making differs in both concept and execution from European
music's. The words of men and women are not always separated into high
and low levels but are chosen for their quality of color.

Vocal Music
Music is made specifically for voices it may be performed by one or more
singers with or without instrumental accompaniment (a cappella) in which
singing provides the main focus of the piece. It is typically feature sung
words called lyrics, although there are examples of vocal music that are
performed using non-linguistic syllables, sounds or noises; Probably vocal
music is the oldest form of music since it does not require any instrument
besides the human voice.

Instrumental Music
Music is made solely for instruments. There are no vocals or no one is
singing. Only the beat is goes on

1. THAILAND

*Vocal Music: Thai music is a conglomeration of Asian influences. Its

musical principles and elements are basically derived from Chinese music;

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Thai folk music consists of simple songs with simple melodic lines. Its main
focus in singing is the articulation of the text rather than the style or technique
of execution.

Songs of Thailand have inherently poetic lyrics which allow a singer or

performer to easily define the melodic lines. It provides the singer the
opportunity to improvise song text to suit the given occasion. The
interpretation of a singer gives meaning to the sacred and spiritual essence
of songs with free rhythm while melodies may either be interpreted or written
in the high or low register with long or short durations.

* Instrumental Music: are inspired from the Indian and Indonesian strings
and gong-chimes.

2. INDONESIA
*Vocal Music: is used as ornamentation of the Gamelan. It is as
important as Gamelan. Pesindhen is a female soloist singer who sings with a
Gamelan. Gerong refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the
Gamelan.
* Instrumental Music: Gamelan orchestra is the most popular form of
music in Indonesia. There are many types of Gamelan but the famous
Javanese and Balinese Gamelan are the most famous. It contains a variety
of instruments such as metallophones, xylophones, kendang and gongs,
bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked strings.

3. SINGAPORE
Vocal AND INSTUMENTAL Music: Through the years, the music industry in
Singapore grew having Western-influenced performances by the Singapore
Symphony Orchestra as well as ethnic music performances mainly by the
Singapore Chinese Orchestra. Other performing groups with Malay and
Indian influence are still prevalent until today.

4. VIETNAM
Vocal Music: Vietnamese traditional music can be separated into a
few major categories, divided predominantly by the way in which were used
in the people's cultural lives. Some Vietnamese music only makes use of
female singers and some have both male and female singers.
Instrumental Music: Vietnamese music shows signs of Indian influences,
noticeable in improvisation preludes of chamber music as well as usage of
onomatopoeia in drum playing.

5. MALAYSIA
Vocal Music: Malaysian music is largely based around percussion
instruments. It has multi-cultural influence and is believed to have originated
in the Kelantan Pattani region with a mixture of Indian, Chinese, Thai, and
Indonesian influences.

Instrumental Music: Musical instruments of Malaysia are greatly

associated with their culture and roots. Due to colonization, the stages of
development of Malaysian instruments are great. They share some common
features with Indian musical instruments. After the colonization of Malaysia by
the British, the musical development was influenced by Western music.

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Musical Elements of Southeast Asian Music

In this module, we will study and analyze the music of our neighbouring
countries like Indonesia and Thailand. They have also lovely music that also
displays their customs, traditions, and culture. They have also interesting and
unique instruments used for their music.
Music can be analyzed by considering a variety of its elements, or parts,
individually or together. Elements of music are the building blocks of the
music. Without them, music would not exist because sound itself would not
exist. The following are the elements of music:
1. Timbre
It refers to quality or the tone of the sound. It identifies the different types
of sound production, such as choir voices and musical instruments, such
as string instruments, wind instruments, and percussion instruments. Simply
timbre is determined by the harmonic content of a sound.
2. Pitch
It refers to the highness and lowness of the sound. Examples of Filipino
songs with high pitch are “Akin Ka Nalang” by Morisette Amon,
“Dadalhin” by Regine Velasquez” and “Sayang” by Aegis. On the other
hand, the examples of renowned Filipino songs with low pitch are “Bahay
Kubo”, “Leron-Leron Sinta”, and “Sitsiritsit”.
3. Dynamics
It refers to the loudness and quietness of the sound. This element gives
liveliness to the music. Simply, Dynamics refer to the volume of the sound.
4. Tempo
It refers to the speed or pace of the underlying beat.
5. Duration
It refers to the amount of time or how long or short a note, phrase, section,
or composition lasts.
6. Texture
It refers to the number of sounds in the music.

Instrumental Music of Indonesia (Gamelan Music)

Indonesian instrumental music is popular in Ensembles. This is a way of showing

unity and harmony in an artful way by using different percussion instruments playing
together. The Indonesians believe that Gamelan music is Spiritual in nature that is why
they give much respect in using the instruments as they consider Gamelan music as the
“Venerable one”. The musical characteristic of Gamelan is the lower the pitch, the
longer the note values. Here are some of the instruments played in a Gamelan
Ensemble.

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Gong
These are the largest in the Gamelan
gong instruments. The bass voice Gongs are
the Ageng and Suwouk.

Kendang
It is a two-headed drum with the
primary function of keeping the tempo. It is
also responsible for changing the density and
signaling the transitions of the musical piece in
a Gamelan Ensemble.

Saron
It is a melodic percussive instrument
that has seven bronze bars on top of a
resonating frame. It provides the core melody
(Balungan) in the Gamelan Ensemble.

Slenthem
It is a metallophone with six keys
comprising a single octave. The metal keys
are suspended in a leather chord over
bamboo tube resonators. It also plays the
melody an octave lower.

Bonang
It is a collection of small gongs placed
horizontally onto strings in a wooden frame
rack. Each gong is tuned to a specific pitch
depending on the scale being used. It is also
played with a padded stick.

Kenong
The Kenong is a cradled gong that is
rather high in pitch than the hanging gongs. It
is played with a padded stick. Its specific part
is to mark off the time intervals in the rhythmic
pattern.

Two types of Gamelan Music

Balinese Gamelan
Bali is highly influenced by western genres of music. When it comes to style, the
Balinese Gamelan is more dynamic and energetic in playing their music; they often use
progression of unpredictability.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RKM2xj0qKc

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Javanese Gamelan
Javanese Gamelan is more suited for palaces and temples because of its low
pitched arrangement. Their gentle approach to sound is also accompanied by
vocalists who make it appropriate for meditation.
Its style has a “misty” effect with the feeling of tranquility and peace.

https://www.youtube.com

Music of Thailand, Cambodia, and Myanmar

Even though these three countries have different historical backgrounds and
government, their music is influenced by the same countries like: India, China, and
Indonesia. Their geographical locations are close to each other to a point that they
share the same kind of music and instruments.

Pi Phat
It is considered as the most sacred and
“high class” composition of percussive
ensembles in Thailand. It is also used to
accompany their traditional dance and
shadow puppet performance. This
ensemble includes xylophones, gong
circles, and a vertical flute.
Thailand Musical Ensembles:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZhNoTzhzYHg

Cambodian Musical Ensemble:

Pinpeat
It is a musical ensemble that is used
to perform ceremonial music of the royal
courts and temples in Cambodia. The
instruments used are primarily wind and
percussion instruments.

Khruang sai
It is a string ensemble that is
composed of two two-stringed fiddles, a
three-stringed zither, a vertical flute, hand
drums, and various cymbals. Some western
instruments like the violin or organ could
also be included in this kind of ensemble.
The Kruang sai is also considered as the
most quiet and solemn ensembles in 6
Thailand.
 Mahori
The Mahori ensemble is a
combination of Pi Phat and Kruang sai
ensembles. It used to have small versions
of Thai instruments to fit the performers
who were purely women. As time goes by,
the instruments used are also in its regular
size because the ensemble is open for all
regardless of their gender.

Phleng Kar
It is a musical ensemble that plays a
vital part in Khmer wedding traditions. The
lyrics of the Phleng Kar explain the socio-
cultural duties of the wife and the groom.
This factor in musical tradition is now in
endangerment because of
modernizations in musical trends.

Myanmar – Traditional Music:

Sidaw
It is an outdoor musical ensemble
on the royal courts that are used to mark
important ceremonial functions. From the
instrument Sidaw, the Sidaw dance also
started as a male and female dance
around the drums while striking it with their
fists.

Now you are moving on to another level of activity. You will

improvise musical instrument and create a simple
accompaniment to selected music from Southeast Asia and
apply all the knowledge and skills that you have attained
through this module by performing music from Southeast
Asia.

Let’s see how creative you are because you will improvise
musical instrument and create your own accompaniment.

Are you ready? Let’s start!

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 ACTIVITY 1
DIRECTION: Listen to sample music of Southeast Asian Countries with the guidance of
your teacher learn how tossing the song. Choose atleast2 songs from the list:

1. Loi Krathong of Thailand

Youtube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NC6HTsYjh6k

Thai English

Wan Pen Duan Sip Song November's full moon shines,

Nam Koh Nong Tem Taling
Rao Tanglai Shai Ying
Sanuk Ganjing Wan Loy Krathong
Loy Loy Krathong
Loy Loy Krathong,
Loy Krathong Gan Laew
Koh Shern Nong Kaew
Ook Ma Ram Wong
Ram Wong Wan Loy Krathong
Ram Wong Wan Loy Krathong
Boon Ja Song Hai Rao Suk Jai
Boon Ja Song Hai Rao Suk Jai
2. Burung Kakatua of Indonesia
Youtube link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boUiiuFOCcA
Loy Krathong, Loy Krathong,
And the water's high,
In the golden river and the canal.
Loy Loy Krathong
Loy Loy Krathong
Loy Krathong is here
And everybody's full of cheer.
We're together at the canal
Everyone with his Krathong,
As we push away, we pray,
We can see a better da

Bahasa Indonesia English

Burung kakatua The cockatoo
hinggap di jendela Sits on the window sill,
nenek sudah tua My grandmother is already old
giginya tinggal dua. And she only has two teeth!

Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la

Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la
Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la
Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la
burung kakatua. The cockatoo

Giginya tinggal dua She only has two teeth left

Nenek sudah tua Grandma is already old,
Hinggap di jendela She sits on the window sill
Seperti kakatua! Like the cockatoo!

Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la

Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la
Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la
Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la Tredung, tredung, tredung tra la la
burung kakatua. The cockatoo

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 ACTIVITY 2

DIRECTION: Compare and Contrast the characteristics of the songs according to their
musical elements. How did you find the following elements?

a. Voice quality c. Tempo (fast, slow, moderate)

b. Melody (high, low, moderate) d. How was the music performed?

1. Burung Kakatua of Indonesia: ________________________ _______________________

2. Loi Krathong of Thailand: _____________________________ _______________________
3. Chan Mali Chan of Singapore: ________________________ _______________________
4. Ru Con : __________________________________ _________________________________
5. Rasa Sayang of Malaysia : ____________________________ ______________________

ACTIVITY 3

EXPLORING THINGS AT HOME

OBJECTIVE: Explores ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that would
simulate instruments being studied.

PROCEDURE:

Let the learners explore ways to produce sounds from various sources found within the
house. Let them describe the sound quality it produces, and identify the classification.
Materials found at home Quality of sound Classification

Casserole cover

Spoon and fork

Metal/plastic basin

Table

Bottles with water

Others (Identified the

materials)

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Guide questions:
1. Are there any other things that make good sound at home?
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Do you have any difficulty identifying the material classification?
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Do you think we can use these materials to make a simple rhythm?
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

REMEMBER
The origins of music hundreds and thousands of years old are still alive in
Southeast Asia today. By exploring musical elements from Thailand, Cambodia,
Myanmar, and Indonesia, you will become familiar with new indigenous instruments,
musical scales, forms, and styles. You will also gain an understanding and appreciation
of its culture through combinations of singing, dancing, improvisation, and composition
to imitate basic musical forms from each country.

CHECK YOUR
UNDESTANDING

Complete the following sentence below.

I learned that ________________________________________________________________
I enjoy/like the activity on ____________________________________________________
I want to know more about ___________________________________________________
The thing/s that I will not forget is/are __________________________________________

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