Drug Enforcement Vice Control and Organized Week 3 Final

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime
(Brief history of illegal drug)
1st Semester AY 2022-2023
PLTCOL RAMON CHRISTIAN S LAYGO

LESSON GOAL
This lesson aims to provide the cadets

with the knowledge on the history of
illegal drugs for future policy and
decision making.

LESSON OBJECTIVES
After this lesson, cadets will be able to
explain the chronological order of the
evolution of illegal drugs and the current
situation as basis of tactical police
actions.

Motivation
Effective drug education is important
because young people are faced with
many influences to use both licit and
illicit drugs. Education can play a
counterbalancing role in shaping a
normative culture of safety, moderation,
and informed decision making.

Lessons
Week 3
Brief history of illegal drug
a. FOREIGN
1. Biblical thoughts on drug abuse
2. Why the US Made Marijuana Illegal
3. The History of Drug Abuse and How It’s
Changed
4. Changing view on Drugs in the 21st
Century
Lessons
Week 3
b. PHILIPPINES
1. The Philippine Drug Situation
2. Illegal drug trade in the Philippines
3. The Manila Declaration on the Drug
Problem in the Philippines
4. Challenges faced by the government and
how to solve the problem

a. FOREIGN
Considerations:
The Bible explicitly instructs us to refrain from
getting high.
“Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to
debauchery. Instead, be filled with the Spirit.”
- (Ephesians 5:18)
Biblical thoughts on drug abuse and Considerations…
Our body is the temple of the Holy Spirit.

“Do you not know that your body is a temple
of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you
have received from God? You are not your
own; you were bought at a price. Therefore
honor God with your body”.
- (1 Corinthians 6:19-20).

We must avoid all types of wrong behaviors

in order to grow.
“Be very careful, then, how you live - not
as unwise but as wise, making the most of
every opportunity, because the days are
evil. Therefore do not be foolish, but
understand what the Lord’s will is.”
- (Ephesians 5:15-17)

God has provided a way to overcome

unhealthy thoughts and behaviors.
“We demolish arguments and every
pretension that sets itself up against the
knowledge of God, and we take captive
every thought to make it obedient to
Christ.” - 2 Corinthians 10:3-5

The virtue of self-control is critical for a

disciple of Christ.
Christians are instructed to be in control
of their decision-making processes and
not enslaved to anything that erodes their
ability to act in ways that are honoring to
God.

God - not drugs - can be trusted to see us

through the pain of life.
“Can a mother forget her nursing child, and
not have compassion on the son of her
womb? Surely they may forget, yet I will
not forget you. See, I have inscribed you
on the palms of My hands.”
- (Is. 49:15-16, NKJV).

There’s nothing better in life than knowing God.

“I consider them rubbish. I want to know
Christ and the power of His resurrection and
the fellowship of sharing in His sufferings,
becoming like Him in death, and so,
somehow, to attain to the resurrection from
the dead.”
- Philippians 3:7-8,10-11

Stages of Drug Use
1. Experimental users
• curiosity and/or motivated by peer pressure.
2. Casual users
• they enjoy being high but limit their use,
often on specific occasions.

3. Regular users
• they can usually still function at
work and school.
4. final stage (addicts)
• addicts are compelled to use, not
for pleasure’s sake, but simply to
feel normal.

2. Why the US Made Marijuana Illegal?
• Anglo-Americans and Europeans have
known about marijuana’s medicinal
benefits since at least the 1830s.
• 19th century, Americans and Europeans
could buy cannabis extracts in
pharmacies and doctors’ offices to help
with stomach aches, migraines,
inflammation, insomnia, and other
ailments.
Why the US Made Marijuana Illegal…
• peasant immigrants also extended to

their traditional means of intoxication:
smoking marijuana.
• marijuana incited violent crimes, aroused
a ‘lust for blood,’ and gave its users
‘superhuman strength’.

• research has shown alcohol to be

more dangerous than marijuana.
• no death from overdose of marijuana

has been reported.

• 29 states outlawed marijuana between

1916 and 1931 despite objections from
the American Medical Association related
to medical usage.
• today, 30 states have legalized medical
marijuana; 9 states have legalized it for
recreational use.

3. The History of Drug Abuse and How It’s Changed
• 1997, illicit drug use by youths is down by

34.1% and to 27.2% in 2014
• 2000 to 2013, the age-adjusted rate for

drug-poisoning deaths involving heroin
nearly quadrupled.

The History of Drug Abuse and How It’s Changed…
Evolution of Drug Addiction in the 21st Century

• natural substances accessed in
prehistoric times:
1. Alcohol
2. Cannabis
3. opium


• natural substances accessed in
prehistoric times:
3. Blue lotus
4. Cocaine
5. tobacco

• 21st Century Drugs (some of the drugs
created since the 1800s)
1. LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
2. Amphetamines

3. prescription
painkillers
4. crack cocaine
5. morphine
4. Changing view on Drugs in the 21st Century
• more states reducing punishments and
laxing laws, e.g. marijuana in the U.S.
• whether or not to punish or treat those who
have been arrested.
• 67% say that the government should focus
more on providing treatment, 26% focus
should be more on prosecuting.

25
Changing view on Drugs in the 21st Century…
Changing demographics of drug users.

wealthier population
1. rich kids syndrome,” where parental,

societal and professional obligations
lead to less family-centered
interactions
2. more time with hired help

26

• wealthier population
3. overscheduled lives that create mental
distress and a lack of family closeness.
4. more disposable income.
5. more pressure to succeed.


 baby boomers, aged 50-64
1. a time of heightened drug use.
2. now retired empty nesters.
3. suffer from chronic pain.

28

 baby boomers, aged 50-64
4. are reappearing.
5. feelings of being invisible and alienated.
6. Facing big life changes.


Women
o women used drugs more frequently,
used harder drugs.
o treatment programs originally designed
for men may not be as effective for
women.

Women
o over the age of 12 have a substance
abuse disorder.
o Americans who misused or abused

prescription drugs, more than half
were female

b. PHILIPPINES
Dominant Drugs in the Philippine Market
poly-drug users for pleasure.
used by individuals to cope with the demands
of their work.
shabu remains to be the most abused drug,
followed by ecstasy (party drug - the most
expensive).
The Philippine Drug Situation…
Drug Trafficking Trends

Subdivision of drug trafficking activities:
1. transportation of dangerous drugs and
controlled precursors and essential chemicals
(CPECs).
2. Manufacture.
3. Distribution.
4. Use.
34

bank-to-bank transactions or wireless transfer
as mode of payment.
package deposit counters in grocery stores
and hotel lobbies, jail and prison facilities as

venues for transaction.


use of recreation centers due to the
convenience of such locations.
use of minors.
establish multiple kitchen-type laboratories.
African Drug Syndicates (ADS) utilize
displaced OFWs and individuals who posed
as tourists to be couriers. Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime
New Trends in Illegal Drug Activities

2012, the surfacing and abuse of “poppers,” a
kind of inhalant, and substances have been
monitored.
traffickingactivities is the use of chemicals not
listed as dangerous drugs .
monitoring the mixing of shabu with other
drugs and substances, one of which is
“milkshake”, a concoction of shabu and
nubain. Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime
Poppers
nubain
Critical Areas and Periods

NCR remains to be the
main hub in the
manufacturing of shabu.
Marijuana cultivation is still largely
concentrated in Northern Luzon, particularly in
high-altitude and mountainous areas.

39
Critical Areas and Periods

the onset of summer season, in vacation
spots, particularly in posh and exclusive
resorts and club houses.
enrolment and holiday seasons since
people have extra money to spend.

Drug Routes
takingadvantage of the country’s vast and
porous coastlines.
airports,
seaports, and free ports/economic
zones are also being utilized .

41
Drug Routes
syndicates use more than one drug courier
per transaction and recruit mostly Asians.
modus operandi, one courier to pick-up
and then meet with another courier in a
transit country to turn-over the said drugs
for final distribution.

Drug Syndicates
globalization results in an opportunity by drug
syndicates
two transnational drug groups operating in the
Philippines:
1. the African Drug Syndicate
usually employ women as couriers.

43
2. Chinese or Filipino-Chinese Drug Group
dominate the country’s illegal drug trade.
activities are concentrated within their group,

with the inclusion of very few and well-
selected locals.
responsible for the establishment of
clandestine laboratories and illegal chemical
warehouses.
most used and valuable illegal drugs in
the country are shabu and marijuana.
2012, the UN, said the Philippines had
the highest rate of shabu use in East
Asia.
Illegal drug trade in the Philippines…
2008, U.S. State Department report,

2.1% of Filipinos aged 16 to 64 used
the drug based.
2016, United Nations Office of Drugs
and Crime report that 1.1% of
Filipinos aged 10 to 69 use drug.

the U.S. Department of State found out

that Chinese drug cartels are behind the
trade of shabu.
Mexican Cartel Involvement, Sinaloa
Cartel were arrested, the Sinaloa
Cartel being led by drug lord Joaquin "El
Chapo" Guzman

47
shabu production in small-scale and

kitchen-type laboratories to avoid
detection since 2010.
OFW have been
utilized by drug
syndicates as
drug mules,
either knowingly
or unknowingly.
48
2009, Philippines as "not only a

transshipment point, but also a key
producer of synthetic drugs for all of
Asia“.
August 2016, the NPA supported
Duterte's war against drugs.

2016, government
has focused on
implementing
a policy of
criminalization
and punishment.
escalation of human rights violations.
The Manila Declaration on the Drug Problem in the Philippines…
• government has utilized

punitive measures and
mobilized the PNP and
LGUs.
mass incarceration
has overwhelmed
the Philippine
penal system.
September 2017, human rights situation

in the Philippines continued to cause
serious concern.
October 2017, the DDB released a new
proposal for an anti-drug approach that
protects the life of the people.

2017, U.P. hosted conference - drug

problem is a complex and multi-faceted
problem that includes only criminal justice
issues but also public health issues.
drug control policies and strategies that

incorporate evidence-based, socially
acceptable, cost-effective, and rights-
based approaches .

primacy of the sanctity/value of human

life and social protection of the victims.
the statement is a declaration that is
readily applicable to other countries in
Asia where approaches to the problem of
drug abuse are largely harsh, violent, and
punitive.

4. Challenges faced by the government and
how to solve the problem
concerned agencies and key sectors
need to intensify its anti-drug courier
campaign.
take a proactive stance in sharing to
others what they know about the issue.
government also needs to have an active
and strong cooperation with foreign
counterparts.
Challenges faced by the government and how to solve the problem
embassies and consulates should

undertake tighter screening of visa
applications .
could only be achieved if concerned
agencies have sufficient administrative
and financial support.

Challenges faced by the government and how to solve the problem…
China and Saudi Arabia

impose very strict punishments to persons
with drug-related cases.
information dissemination as a preventive
measure is better than having to provide legal
and financial support.

SUMMARY
a. FOREIGN
2. Why the US Made Marijuana Illegal
3. The History of Drug Abuse and How It’s
Changed
4. Changing view on Drugs in the 21st Century
SUMMARY
b. PHILIPPINES
4. Challenges faced by the government
and how to solve the problem
End

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Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

(Brief history of illegal drug)

1st Semester AY 2022-2023

PLTCOL RAMON CHRISTIAN S LAYGO

This lesson aims to provide the cadets

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Our body is the temple of the Holy Spirit.

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

We must avoid all types of wrong behaviors

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

God has provided a way to overcome

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

The virtue of self-control is critical for a

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

God - not drugs - can be trusted to see us

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

There’s nothing better in life than knowing God.

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

• peasant immigrants also extended to

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

• research has shown alcohol to be

• no death from overdose of marijuana

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

• 29 states outlawed marijuana between

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

• 1997, illicit drug use by youths is down by

• 2000 to 2013, the age-adjusted rate for

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Evolution of Drug Addiction in the 21st Century

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Evolution of Drug Addiction in the 21st Century

Evolution of Drug Addiction in the 21st Century

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Changing demographics of drug users.

1. rich kids syndrome,” where parental,

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Changing demographics of drug users.

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Changing demographics of drug users.

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Changing demographics of drug users.

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Changing demographics of drug users.

Changing demographics of drug users.

o Americans who misused or abused

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Trafficking Trends

Drug Trafficking Trends

and hotel lobbies, jail and prison facilities as

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Drug Trafficking Trends

New Trends in Illegal Drug Activities

Critical Areas and Periods

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime

Critical Areas and Periods

Drug Enforcement, Vice Control, and Organized Crime