The

Great Muslim Philosopher

 OBJECTIVES
• Background and History
• Contributions
• Philosophical Thought/Views

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ABU ALI AL-HUSSEIN
IBN ABDULLAH IBN
SINA (AVICENNA)
• Born in 980 CE in the village of Afshanah
• Died on 1037 in Hamadan
• Physician, Astronomer, philosopher, Scientist, & Poet
• Father of Early Modern Medicine
• His Father Abdullah was a respected Ismaili and work at local
governor for the village of Bukhara (Uzbekistan)
• His Mother named Sitara, a Tradjik woman
• Known as Ibn Sina in the Islamic world and Avicenna among
western scholars, the polymathis synonymous with the period
in Islamic history that is widely and controversially referred to
as the "Islamic Golden Age".
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 Main Interest;
✓ Medicine - a substance or preparation used in treating disease
✓Aromatherapy - inhalation or bodily application (as by massage) of fragrant
essential oils (as from flowers and fruits) for therapeutic purposes
✓ Philosophy- an analysis of the grounds of and concepts expressing
fundamental
beliefs
✓ Logic- the science of the formal principles of reasoning
✓ Sciences- a department of systematized knowledge as an object of study
✓ KALAM ( Islamic Theology)- the study of Islamic doctrine
✓ Poetry- writing that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of
experience in language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional
response through meaning, sound, and rhythm

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• 10 years old, Avicenna finished
studying the Quran and was
• He studied arithmetic from an
proficient in
Indian, Mahmoud Massahi
Arabic language and literature • 18 years old he was
classics at the same time. well established as
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physician

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• 13 years old he
started studying
• He devoted his studying in Islamic Medical science
law and Jurisprudence (Fiqh)
philosophy, logic and natural
sciences 6
" Medicine is no hard and thorny science like
mathematics and metaphysics, so I soon
made great progress; I became an excellent
physician and began to treat patients using
approved remedies"

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His medical expertise brought him to the attention of the Sultan of
Bukhara, Nuh ibn Mansur, whom he treated successfully; as a result he
was given permission to use the sultan’s royal library and its rare
manuscripts.

He moved to Jergan to lectured there on astronomy and logic qnd

wrote the first part of his book. The Al Qanun Fi'al Tibb (Canon or the
Canon of Medicine) this is an immense encyclopedia of medical
knowledge that embraces anatomy, physiology, pathology, and
Pharmacology.

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He wrote The Book of Healing, or The Cure, an encyclopedia of
philosophy
and science, and The Canon of Medicine,

He is heavily regarded as
one of the most important voices of the Islamic Golden Age.

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He then moved to Al Ray (near modern Teheran), where
he established a busy medical practice. Ibn Sina Authored 30
books during his stay in Al Ray.

Then he moved to Hamadan where he cured Prince Emir Shams

Al Dawlah of buyid dynasty from severe colic. And when Al
Dawlah died Ibn Sina imprisoned by Emir of Hamadan.
He has written 450 works but 240 had survived.

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Contributions

Al Qanun Fi' Al-Tibb ( The cannon of medicine)

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Kitab Al-Shafi ( The Book of Healing )

The book of Healing or Kitāb al-Shifāʾ

; Latin: Sufficientia; also known as The
Cure or Assepha) is a scientific and philosophical encyclopedia from
medieval Persia, near Bukhara in Maverounnahr.
one of the most famous medical texts in history.

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It classified the entire field;

• Theorical knowledge
• Physics
• Mathematics
• Practical Knowledge
• Ethics
• Economics
• Politic

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Contributions to Earth Sciences

He invented an instrument for

observing the coordinates of a
star. He made several
astronomical observations and
stated that the stars were self-
luminous. In mathematics,
Avicenna explained the
arithmetical concept and
application of the “casting out of
nines”. Ibn Sina also contributed
to poetry, religion and music.
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 Philosophical Thought/View

Primarily a metaphysical philosopher of being who was concerned

with understanding the self’s existence in this world in relation to
its contingency, Ibn Sina’s philosophy is an attempt to construct a
coherent and comprehensive system that accords with the religious
exigencies of Muslim culture

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 Immaterial

- the non physical world beyond our sense of perception

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 Contingent- Being the cause of explanation for their existence .

Necessary- Being that exist by the virtue of itself.

Infinite Regress- The logical Fallacy that refers to the impossibility of

anything on ( actual ) Infinite set of object .

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"BUT HOW EXACTLY BEING
CREATE UNIVERSE"

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 Implications
1. God was pre- eternally compelled to create universe
2. The universe had no temporal beginning

"How does avicenna prove the existence of

God?"

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 EXISTENCE OF GOD

Attempts to show that if anything exists, then a Necessary

Being, namely God, must exist; his proof for the eternity
of the world attempts to show that if it is even possible
that the world ex- ists, then the world must be eternal.

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 The Soul

The Soul is immaterial, separated from the body,

however, linked
to it.
Exterior and interior senses serve the Intellect as a
source of knowledge, through a process of abstraction
from sense perception.
Knowledge – Forms – is also received from the Active
Intellect.

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" If soul even Exist?"

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Ibn Sina Truly represented the knowledge and intellectual
enterprise of Islamic world in Medieval Era.

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 References

www.muslimphilosophy.com
en.m.wikipedia.orig
www.ibe.unesco.orig
http://youtube.com/watchv=k3hyKj60N4k&feature=share

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END.