Albanian and Armenian

Languages
Presented by: Presented to the teacher:
Maria Angelica Roa Rios Claudia Patricia Cubillos
Liseth Ijaji Añasco Epistemolgy of the languages
Stephanie Gonzales Naravez 7º semester
 Albanian language History
 Albanian is the only modern representative of a distinct
branch of the Indo-European language family.
 The official language, written in a standard roman-style
orthography adopted in 1909, was based on the south
Gheg dialect of Elbasan.

 Until World War II Albanian has been modelled on Tosk.

 So the two main dialects of Albanian are Gheg (spoken

in the north) and Tosk (spoken in the south).
 Number of speakers
600.000
Greece
Albanian is spoken in...
Only a minority Italy
700.000 400.000
Montenegro
Kosovo Macedonia
2.000.000 Turkey
Immigrant Population

Romania
And by immigrant
communities World- Wide. Only a minority
 Cultural literary Impact
 Albanian literature was not extensive in communication
with the masses, it was inherited only through
manuscripts and verbally, so never had the opportunity
to be published.

 However, some albanian poems were written in arabic

script.

 Albanian poets thought that poetry came from outside

the poet as an act of inspiration or as in albanian
“Hidajeti haqq” (a divine gift or as divine inspiration)
Economic and comercial Impact
In Albania, the economy is dominated by agriculture, which
employs about half of the workforce also services and tourism
are increasily important, even though it remains one the poorest
countries in europe with a large informal economy and a weak
energy and transportation infrastructure.

People are constantly immigrating as there are high

unemployment and few opportunities.
 Political Impact
 Albania had always been communist, it transitioned from
communism to the newest multiparty democracy in 1991, but only
obtained European Union Candidacy status in 2014.

 Many countries still don`t recognize Albania as an independent

state.

 Albanian government is conformed by president of the republic,

parlament, local government, judiciary, constitutional court and
the political parties.
 Language centers
Albanian can be learnt…

 Online, by the world`s first online Albanian school by skype ( the first
lesson is for free) and it is taught by native Albanian speaking teachers.

 In Turkey where is taught as a second language in schools.

 In Arsakeio greek Albanian college in Tirana, where is taught by 42 native

teachers.

 In the State University of Tetovo ( the first Albanian higher education

institution in Macedonia)
 p le s
E xa m
Albanian Alphabet
Sample text (Tosk)
Të gjithë njerëzit lindin të lirë dhe
të barabartë në dinjitet dhe në të
drejta. Ata kanë arsye dhe
ndërgjegje dhe duhet të sillen ndaj
njëri tjetrit me frymë vëllazërimi.
Sample text (Gheg)
Zhdo njeri kan le t'lir mê njãjit dinjitêt
edhê dreta. Ata jan të pajisun mê mênjê
edhê vet-dijê edhê duhën të veprôjn ka
njãni-tjetrin mê nji shpirt vllâznimit.
Translation:
All human beings are born free
and equal in dignity and rights.
They are endowed with reason
and conscience and should act
towards one another in a spirit
of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights)
 Armenian language History
 Armenian constitutes another branch of the Indo-European language
family.
 It was first written in the 5th century AD (classical Armenian)

 The Armenian spoken between the 11th and 15th century is known as
middle Armenian.( containing more from Arabic, Turkish, Persian and
Latin.

 Traditional Armenian Homeland was divided between the Russian

and Ottoman empire creating Modern Armenian ( two varieties:
eastern and western Armenian)
 Number of speakers
Armenian is spoken by around 6.7 million of people around the world
distributed in…
Lebanon
Russia
Iran
3.4 million- The majority
Armenia Bulgaria Georgia
Irak
Egypt
Azerbaijan U.S.
France
 Cultural literary Impact
 The early literature in Armenia mostly were translations
of religious Works or biographies of saints.

 The first major armenian literary work is a fifth century

translation of the bible.

 Also it is said that the garden of eden mentioned in the

bible was in Armenia, also that Noah`s ark stalled in
mount Ararat.
 Economic and comercial Impact
 In Armenia, the economy relies on manufacturing, services and
agriculture.

 They combine values of exports and imports.

 Tourism is considered a very important industry to support the expenses

of the country ( in 2017 it contributed to 13.8 % of GDP.

 Foreign investment is also an important part of Armenian economy.

 Armenian mines produce coopper, zinc, gold and lead.

 Political Impact
 Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation
state,although it has been independent for 15 years, it
still hasn`t been able to change some soviet policies (the
soviet model)

 Political parties are interested in obtaining power and

have Little interest in the public
 Language centers
Armenian can be learnt…

 online, by Elizabeth native Armenian speaker (

www.italki.com/teacher/3385322) or
www.superprof.us/lessons/Armenian/united-states/

 In St. John Armenian Apostolic Church in San Francisco ( a free course to

speak, read and write Armenian for free)

 In St. John Garabed Church of San Diego, U.S.

 In apps like Duolingo or the ARS Armenian School in Toronto Canada.

 p le s
E xa m
 Eastern
Armenian
Alphabet
 Western
Armenian
Alphabet
Sample text (Eastern Armenian)
Translation:
All human beings are born
free and equal in dignity
and rights. They are
endowed with reason and
conscience and should act
towards one another in a
Sample text (Western Armenian)
spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal
Declaration of Human
Rights)
 Bibliography
http://www.omniglot.com/writing/albanian.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_language

https://www.heritage.org/index/country/albania

http://www.arsakeio.gr/en/schools-complexes/arsakeio-greek-albanian-college-in-tirana

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_University_of_Tetova

https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADD049.pdf

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Armenian-language

http://www.wdacna.com/parish/24/St-John-Garabed-Armenian-Apostolic-Church

https://stjohnarmenianchurch.com/armenian-language-classes

http://www.omniglot.com/writing/armenian.htm