DYNAMICS OF RIGID

BODIES
By: Ms. Ronna Fym Mayuga
Topics to be discussed for 10 weeks
 Week 1
Introduction to Dynamics

Position, Velocity, and Acceleration

Determination of the Motion of the Particles

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

o Week 2
Uniformly Accelerated Rectilinear Motion
Position Vector, Velocity and Acceleration
Derivatives of Vector Functions
Rectangular Components of Velocity and Acceleration
Topics to be discussed for 10 weeks
o Week 3
Flight of Projectile
Tangential and Normal Components of Acceleration
Kinetics of Particles: Newton’s Second Law
Dynamic Equilibrium
o Week 4 to 5
Kinematics of Rigid Bodies
o Week 6
Midterm Examination
Topics to be discussed for 10 weeks
o Week 7
Plane Motion of Rigid Bodies: Forces and Accelerations
o Week 8 to 9
Plane Motion of Rigid Bodies: Energy and Momentum Methods
LONG QUIZ
o Week 10
FINAL EXAMINATION
Course Policies
o Google classroom, Zoom and Messenger will be used in this course/subject.
o Attendance will be monitored thru feedbacks, confirmation and acknowledgement to any
activities, announcements and requirements to be posted.
o Online (but not real time) Quizzes/Exams will be given and scheduled ahead of time and
all students must take these quizzes/exams.
o Major exams (Mid-term and Final) (online) will be given at the time prepared by the
College. All students must take the major exams.
o Projects and assignments must be submitted on scheduled deadline in all possible means.
o
WEEK 1: TOPICS
 Introduction to Dynamics
 Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
 Determination of the Motion of the Particles
 Uniform Rectilinear Motion
o
INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMICS
 What is Dynamics?

Dynamics is that branch of mechanics which deals with the motion of bodies under the
action of forces. The study of dynamics in engineering usually follows the study of statics,
which deals with the effects of forces on bodies at rest.
INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMICS
 What is Dynamics?

Mechanics

Rigid Body Deformable-body Fluid

Static Dynamics
(Equilibrium Body) (Accelerated motion body)

Kinematics Kinetics
(Geometric Aspect of Motion) (Analysis of force causing the motion)
INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMICS
 Dynamics Includes:

Kinematics: study of the geometry of motion. Kinematics is used to relate

displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time without reference to the cause of
motion.

Kinetics: study of the relations existing between the forces acting on a body,
the mass of the body, and the motion of the body. Kinetics is used to predict the
motion caused by given forces or to determine the forces required to produce a given
motion.
INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMICS
 Particle kinetics includes:
o Rectilinear motion: position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it moves
along a straight line
oCurvilinear motion : position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it
moves along a curved line in two or three dimensions
RECTILINEAR MOTION
 Particle moving along a straight line is said to be in rectilinear motion.
DETERMINATION OF THE MOTION OF A PARTICLE
 Motion of a particle is known if its position is known for all time t.
 Typically, conditions of motion are specified by the type of acceleration experienced
by the particle. Determination of velocity and position requires successive integrations.
 Three types of motion may be defined for:
o acceleration given as a function of time, a = f(t)
oacceleration given as a function of position, a = f(x)
oacceleration given as a function of velocity, a = f(v)
GRAPHICAL SOLUTION OF RECTILINEAR MOTION

Given the x-t curve, the v-t curve is equal to the x-t curve slope.
Given the v-t curve, the a-t curve is equal to the v-t curve slope.
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS
o Consider particle which occupies position P at time t and P’ at t+∆t,

o Average velocity =
o Instantaneous velocity = v =
o Instantaneous velocity may be positive or negative.
o Magnitude of velocity is referred to as particle speed.
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS
o Consider particle with velocity v at time t and v’ at t+∆t,

o Instantaneous acceleration = a =
o Instantaneous acceleration may be:
positive: increasing positive velocity or decreasing negative velocity
negative: decreasing positive velocity or increasing negative velocity
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:

Ball tossed with 10 m/s vertical velocity from window 20 m

above ground. Determine:
• velocity and elevation above ground at time t,
• highest elevation reached by ball and corresponding time, and
• time when ball will hit the ground and corresponding velocity.
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:
A mountain bike shock mechanism used to provide shock absorption consists of a piston
that travels in an oil-filled cylinder. As the cylinder is given an initial velocity v0, the
piston moves and oil is forced through orifices in piston, causing piston and cylinder to
decelerate at rate proportional to their velocity. Determine v(t ), x(t ), and v (x )
UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION
o If motion is in a straight line, this is uniform rectilinear motion.
o For a particle in uniform rectilinear motion, the acceleration is zero and the velocity is
constant