VESP Vision

To be the centre of excellence in the field of

technical education.

Program Code:- ME3I

Course Name:- Strength of Material

Course Code : - 22306

Course coordinator: Mr. Ajay Pal

Date: / / 2020

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 Unit No:3
Unit Name: Mechanical properties and elastic constants of
metals
Unit Outcomes (UO3a & b): Identify the deformation of
material for the given load with justification and evaluate
mechanical properties of material.
Learning Outcome (LO1) : To learn different types of load and
their corresponding deformation.
Contents:
a) Types of load and related deformation
b) Mechanical properties

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 Concept Map

Loads

Suddenly Gradually
Dead loads Live loads Impact loads
applied loads applied loads

Mechanical
properties

Impact
Strength Elasticity Plasticity Ductility Brittleness Malleability Hardness Fatigue Creep Stiffness
strength

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Learning Objective/ Key learning

►To learn about the different types of loads

►To learn about the deformation due to different types of loads
►To learn about the mechanical properties of materials.

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Loads:

► Load is defined as the set of external forces acting on a mechanism or engineering structure which
arise from service conditions in which the components work.
► Common loads in engineering applications are tension and compression
► Tension:- Direct pull. Eg: Force present in lifting hoist
► Compression:- Direct push. Eg:- Force acting on the pillar of a building

Sign convention followed: Tensile forces are positive and compressive negative

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Mechanical properties of material:
► Strength and stiffness of structures is function of size and shape, certain physical
properties of material.
► Properties of Material:-
1. Strength
2. Plasticity
3. Elasticity
4. Ductility
5. Brittleness
6. Malleability
7. Toughness
8. Hardness
9. Fatigue
10. Creep
11. Stiffness

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Mechanical properties of material:

1. Strength: The ability of material to sustain loads without undue distortion, collapse or rupture.
2. Elasticity: Property of material by virtue of which it regains its original size and shape after
removal of load.
3. Plasticity: property of material to change its shape without destruction under the action of
external load.
4. Ductility: property of material to undergo a deformation so that they can be drawn into wires.
5. Brittleness: Lack of ductility is brittleness. Property of material due to which material does not
go any deformation before rupture.
6. Malleability: property of material in which material can beaten up to make sheets.
7. Impact strength: property of material of absorb shock. It is also known as toughness.
8. Hardness: the ability of material to resist wear, abrasion scratching or indentation.
9. Fatigue: the phenomenon of failure of material under fluctuating or repeated loading.
10. Creep: the continuous deformation with time which the material undergoes due to application
external load.
11. Stiffness: the ability of material to resist elastic deformation.

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Factor of safety:

► The ratio of the ultimate stress and the working stress for a material is called factor of safety.

► Nominal stress: The stresses which are calculated by dividing the respective loads by the original
cross-sectional area are called nominal stresses.
► Actual stresses: The stresses which are calculated by dividing the respective loads by the reduced
cross-sectional area at that point are called actual stresses.
► Ultimate stress: The ratio of maximum load that the specimen is capable of withstanding and its
original cross-sectional area is called the ultimate stress of the material.
► Working stress: It is defined as the ratio of the actual axial load and the original cross-sectional
area of the specimen.

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REFLECTION SPOT

 Before move on with further presentation to continue with next topic

Let’s

 Attempt the set 2 MCQ’s based on the previous learned concept ,Now
lets go for hands on session

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 Attempt Set 1 MCQs
Set 1: Question No 1
Failure due to repeated loading
is called ______
Set 1: Question No 2 Set 1: Question No 3
Train running through bridge is Gold is strengthen by using
________ type of loading. copper while making ornaments
due to its_______

Recall/ Remembering Understanding Application

a) Ductility a) Dead a) High Ductility
b) Fatigue b) Seismic b) Low ductility
c) Creep c) Fluctuating c) High malleability
d) None of the above d) None of the above d) Low malleability

Ans: b) Ans: c) Ans: a)

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 Attempt Set 1 MCQs
Set 1: Question No 1 Set 1: Question No 2 Set 1: Question No 3
The ability of material to sustain Izod and Charpy tests are Brinell, Rockwell and Vickers
load without undue distortion, conducted for _________ tests are generally performed to
collapse or rupture is called____ measure _______

Recall/ Remembering Understanding Application

a) Stiffness a) Impact strength a) Elasticity
b) Elasticity b) Hardness b) Hardness
c) Hardness c) Elasticity c) Toughness
d) Strength d) None of the above d) Ductility

Ans: d) Ans: a) Ans: b)

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