Subject:Science

Topic: Earth and its habitats

Grade: IV

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 Which of the following is a planet?

The Moon

The Earth
The Sun

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 Earth
North pole
Axis : An imaginary
Axis line passing through
the Earth from the
North pole to the
South pole.
In space, the Earth is
not upright.
It is tilted on its axis.
South pole

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 Day and Night
Sun rays

DAY NIGHT
Dark side – which is
away from sunlight

Light side –
which is facing
sunlight

 Earth rotates from west to east.

 The rotation of the Earth causes all parts of the Earth to experience
periods of daylight and darkness.

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 The Earth

• Describe the external structure of a peach.

• Does the right-hand image show the external structure or
the internal structure of a peach?
• Name the two layers which make up the internal
structure of a peach.
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 The Volcano

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 Different types of Volcanoes

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 Composite Volcano
Composite volcanoes are tall,
symitrically shaped with steep
side.

They built of alternating layers of

lava flows, volcanic ash.

Famous composite volcanoes are :

Mount Fuji in Japan.
Mount Shasta and Mount Lassen in California.
Mount Etna in Italy.

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 Cinder Cone Volcano
Cindercone volcanoes are simple
volcanoes which have bowl shaped
crater at the summit and Steep side.

They are usually created of eruption

from a single opening, unlike the
composite and shield which have multiple opening.

They are made up of piles of lava.

Famous cinder cone volcanoes are :
Paricutin in Mexico.
Middle of crater lake in Oregon.
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 Shield Volcano
Shield volcanoes can grow to be
very big. They are tall and broad

They have low slope and large

Crater.
They built by countless outpouring
of lava. This makes the shield
volcano relatively save while erruption.

Famous composite volcanoes are :

Mauna Loa in islands of Huwaii is the largest single
mountain in the world.
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 Pros
Underground water is heated
because of the magma and
we get hot springs.
Tourist come to see the
erruption which gives
employment for many
people.
We can generate electricity
and houses stay hot due to
magma
Lava makes the soil good and
ash fertilises the soil.
Cambridge/IV/2122 Earth and its habitats
Cons
People can be killed or
injured by the ash and the
hard lumps of lava
Lava burns and buries crops
and building and other
properties.
People become ill as they
breath in the posionous gas
and ash.
12 of 22
 What is volcanic plateau?

 The most common type of volcano is ?

 How are secondary cone formed?

si o n
Revi
tim e

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 ANSWERS

 What is volcanic plateau?

Ans : The layers of lava form a flat surface called a volcanic
plateau.

 The most common type of volcano is ?

Ans: Composite volcano.

 How are secondary cone formed?

Ans: When this magma erupts it forms baby volcanoes
called secondary cones

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 Identify the
natural calamity

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 Identify the image

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 Earthquakes

An earthquake is shaking
of the Earth.

Many people die and get

injured during an
earthquake

Earthquakes damages the

land and properties.

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 Earthquakes causes

Landslides Tsunami
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 What type of animals do you think you will find
here?

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 Where Plants and Animals Live
Habitat is a place where an organism lives.
A habitat provides organisms with everything they
need to survive, such as:
• food
• water
• shelter (a place to live and reproduce)
• protection from predators,
• air (for most animals and plants)

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 Habitat suited for Animals

Fishes are suited to live

inside the water.

They have special organ

called gills which helps
them to breathe under the
water.

They have fins which helps

them to swim

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 Habitat suited for Animals

Birds have wings which

allows them to fly.

Birds lives in different

habitat based on food they
eat:

Birds live near sea .

Birds live in grassland.
Birds live in forest near
trees.
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