Nuclear

Holocaust
 Nuclear Holocaust

A nuclear holocaust, nuclear apocalypse or atomic holocaust is a theoretical scenario where the mass
detonation of nuclear weapons causes globally widespread destruction and radioactive fallout. Such a
scenario envisages large parts of the Earth becoming uninhabitable due to the effects of nuclear
warfare, potentially causing the collapse of civilization and, in the worst case, extinction of humanity
and/or termination of life on Earth
 Nuclear Blast
The nuclear bombs used now are much more powerful then the ones used in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
When a nuclear blast happens many people can survive the nuclear impact, especially those 5 km away
from the blast. But the radioactive effects from the blast is carried through the wind, it basically kills
anyone that is nearby. The radioactive material from the blast contaminates the water, soil and makes
the whole area as a wasteland
  It is the event when a country uses nuclear weapons to achieve
a military objective.
 There are many treaties that are there between major nuclear
countries so that they don’t accidently drop nuclear missiles on
each other.
Nuclear War  India and China follow NFU( No first use) policy. According to
this they won’t use nuclear weapons first, but will only use it to
retaliate.
 The possible effects of nuclear war are nuclear winter, nuclear
famine, nuclear fallout.
 Nuclear Famine
It is difficult to estimate the number of casualties that would result from nuclear winter, but it is likely that the
primary effect would be global famine (known as Nuclear Famine), wherein mass starvation occurs due to
disrupted agricultural production and distribution. In a 2013 report, the International Physicians for the
Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) concluded that more than two billion people, about a third of the world's
population, would be at risk of starvation in the event of a regional nuclear exchange between India and Pakistan,
or by the use of even a small proportion of nuclear arms held by America and Russia. Several independent
studies show corroborated conclusions that agricultural outputs would be significantly reduced for years by
climatic changes driven by nuclear wars. Reduction of food supply would be further exacerbated by rising food
prices, affecting hundreds of millions of vulnerable people, especially in the poorest nations of the world.
 Electromagnetic Pulse Disruption
An electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a burst of electromagnetic radiation. Nuclear explosions create a
pulse of electromagnetic radiation called a nuclear EMP or NEMP. Such EMP interference is known to
be generally disruptive or damaging to electronic equipment. By disabling electronics and their
functioning, an EMP would disable hospitals, water treatment facilities, food storage facilities, and all
electronic forms of communication, and thereby threaten key aspects of the modern human condition.
Certain EMP attacks could lead to a large loss of power for months or years. Currently, failures of the
power grid are dealt with using support from the outside. In the event of an EMP attack, such support
would not exist and all damaged components, devices, and electronics would need to be completely
replaced.
 Nuclear Fallout
Nuclear fallout is the residual radioactive dust and ash propelled into the upper atmosphere following a nuclear
explosion. Fallout is usually limited to the immediate area, and can only spread for hundreds of kilometers from the
explosion site if the explosion is high enough in the atmosphere. Fallout may get entrained with the products of a
pyro cumulus cloud and fall as black rain (rain darkened by soot and other particulates).

This radioactive dust, usually consisting of fission products mixed with by standing atoms that are neutron activated
by exposure, is a highly dangerous kind of radioactive contamination. The main radiation hazard from fallout is due
to short-lived radionuclides external to the body. While most of the particles carried by nuclear fallout decay rapidly,
some radioactive particles will have half-lives of seconds to a few months. Some radioactive isotopes, like
strontium-90 and caesium-137, are very long-lived and will create radioactive hot spots for up to 5 years after the
initial explosion. Fallout and black rain may contaminate waterways, agriculture, and soil. Contact with radioactive
materials can lead to radiation poisoning through external exposure or accidental consumption. In acute doses over a
short amount of time radiation will lead to prodromal syndrome, bone marrow death, central nervous system death
and gastrointestinal death. Over longer periods of exposure to radiation, cancer becomes the main health risk. Long-
term radiation exposure can also lead to in utero effects on human development and transgenerational genetic
damage