Seasons in India

Ritu
A ritu is a season in the traditional Hindu calendar,
used in parts of India
There six ritu
Vasanta (spring);
Grishma (summer);
Varsha (rainy or monsoon);
Sharat (autumn);
Hemant (pre-winter);
Shishira (winter).
 Weather and Climate
• Weather is the general atmospheric condition
of a place that changes frequently and is over a
small area
• ex..Sunny, cloudy,windy,rainy,bright,warm cold
etc.
• Climate- It is the average weather condition of
a place that lasts for a very long period of time.
It is affected by latitudes, altitudes, distance
from the sea, winds , ocean currents,
mountains etc.
 Factors affecting climate of India
• Latitude
• Altitude
• Distance from the Sea
• Ocean Currents
• Winds
The cold weather season in India begins from mid-November and stays until February.
December and January are the coldest months.
The temperature decreases as we go from south to north.
North India experiences dense fog
The average temperature in the south in winter is 24° – 25° while in the north, it is
between 10° and 15° Celsius.
East coast and Punjab and Haryana gets winter rains
Himalayan States gets snowfall
The hot weather season in India is from March to
May.
In May, the temperatures go up to 45°C in the
northwestern parts of the country.
It is characterised by clear sky and bright weather
Hot wind called Loo blows over the northern plain
Towards the end of the summer season, there are
pre-monsoons showers common in Kerala and
Karnataka and West Bengal
They are often referred to as ‘mango showers‘ in
Kerela and Karnataka and Kal Baisakhi in West
Bengal ,Jharkhand respectively
.
By early June, the trade winds of the southern
winds bring abundant moisture to the country.
They begin in June and continues upto
September
The windward side of the Western Ghats and
North eastern India receives very heavy rainfall,
more than 250 cm.
Western India with places like Rajasthan and
Delhi receives rainfall less than 25 cm.
The monsoon is known for its uncertainties. 
While it causes heavy floods in one part, it may
be responsible for droughts in the other.
It is also irregular in arrival and retreat.
During October-November, the monsoons become weaker and starts
to Retreat
The sun moves towards the southern hemisphere
By the beginning of October, monsoon withdraws from the Northern
Plains
Days are warm but nights are cool.
Marked by bright sunshine and drifting clouds
There is a transition from hot rainy season to dry winter season
 DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL

• The western coast and north eastern India receive over

400 cm of rainfall annually.
• The annual rainfall is less than 60 cm in western Rajasthan
and adjoining parts of Gujarat, Haryana and Punjab.
• Rainfall is also low in the interior of the Deccan Plateau
and east of the Sahyadris. The area around Leh also gets
low rainfall of less than 50 cm
• The rest of the country gets moderate rainfall between 70
cm to 100 cm .
• Snowfall is restricted to the Himalayan region.