COHERENCE +

REVIEW

CREATED BY:

 PUTRI M SIHITE 16120200

 BERKAT C MANURUNG 16120161
 Speech Act
A speech act in linguistics and the philosophy of language:
o is an utterance that has performative function in language
and communication. Speech Acts are group of utterances
with a single interactional function.

Example
a request
a command
a greeting
a promise
an apology.
EXAMPLE
 Speech Act Theory: Austin

Locutionary act: the utterance of a sentence with

determinate sense and reference

Illocutionary act: the making of a statement, offer

promise, etc. in uttering a sentence, by virtue of the
conventional force' associated with it (or with its explicit
performative paraphrase)

Perlocutionary act: the bringing about of effects on the

audience by means of uttering the sentences, such effects
on the audience by means of uttering the sentence, such
effects being special to the circumstances of utterance
 Example
1. A bartender utters the words. "The bar will be closed in five
minutes”

The locutionary act of saying that the bar will be closed in five
minutes where what is said is reported by indirect quotation

The illocutionary act in saying this, the bartender is informing

the patrons of the bar's imminent closing and perhaps also the act
of urging them to order a last drink

The bartender intends to be performing the perlocutionary acts

of causing the patrons to believe that the bar is about to close and
of getting them to order one last drink.
2. It’s stuffy in here.
 Speech Act Theory: Austin &Searle

Searle (1969) identified five illocutionary/ perlocutionary

points.
1. Assertive/Representative statements may be judged
true or false because they aim to describe a state of
affairs in the world. As: believe, conclude, deny, report,
state
e.g. The earth is round.
I think, he is saying the truth.
2. Directive statements it is conversation between 1st and
2nd person here the speaker tries to make the hearer do
something, with such word as: command, ask, order,
request, pray, invite, demand, permit, advise.
e.g. Give me your pen.
Leave the town immediately.
3. Commissive statements which commit the speaker to a
course of action as described by the propositional
content. As: promise, swear, refuse
e.g. I will repay the money.
I swear to tell the truth.
4. Expressive statements the speaker express an attitude
to or about a state of affairs, using such verbs as: thanks,
congratulate, apologize, paraise.
e.g. I am sorry for being late.
Congratulation.
5. Declarative statements that attempt to change the
world by representing it as having been changed.
e.g. Class dismissed.
You are fired.
 Review
Review is an examination, report, survey or evaluation.
A critical article or report, as in a periodical, on a book,
play, recital, or the like; critique; evaluation.
The process of going over a subject again in study or
recitation in order to fix it in the memory or summarize
the facts.
What is a Review?