VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

HILLY REGION
ON

GROUP C
Presented by – Shristi Gurung
DEPARTMENT OF -- Sanjita Shrestha
ARCHITECTURE -- Sina magar
-- Aditi atreya
-- Aparna Thapa
-- Ayushma karki
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

• Vernacular architecture is an architectural style

that is designed based on local needs, availability
of construction materials and reflecting local
traditions.

• Vernacular architecture is building done outside

any academic tradition, and without professional
guidance .

• The design evolves over time ,environment,

economic condition, climate , local culture and
historic influences.

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VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE IN NEPAL
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Nepalese Vernacular architecture is varied due to variation
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• Natural environment
• Ethnicity

Nepalese Vernacular architecture is classified into:

• High mountain
• Middle hills
• Terai
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 INTRODUCTION
• Vernacular buildings in hilly areas are mostly rectangular in shape and
constructed with locally available materials.

• The vernacular practices are developed by the peoples without any

professional training with the help of locally available natural materials.

• These practices and styles are developed with objective to have protection
against harsh against harsh climatic conditions.

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 GEOGRAPHY
• - The hilly region ranges in altitude from 610m
– 4800m above sea level.

• It is centrally located and occupies 64% of total

land of Nepal.

• It covers 29.5% geographical area . And has a

large area of 19783 sq. km of cultivated lands.

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 SETTLEMENT PATTERN
• Newari people live in a denser pattern with courtyard system.

• Houses in villages were and are scattered and dispersed in some areas.

• Houses are placed on the hill terraces along the slope surrounded by each
family’s fields.

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 BUILDING FORM AND ORIENTATION
• Building forms of different types depends on
the settlement density and ethnicity.

• The interconnected courtyards of Newari house

settlement are designed in a way to allow solar
penetration of buildings and provide a warmer
outside space.

• Larger windows are placed in the longer façade

facing the sun.

• Most of the houses have rectangular shape

except Gurung houses that have round floor
plan.
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 BUILDING STORIES AND INTERNAL SPACE
• Newari houses have typically three or three and a half stories but non Newari
settlements have not more than two stories.

• Newari houses are planned vertically whereas Gurung houses are planed horizontally.

• Gurung and limbus houses have only one and a half stories while the ground floor is
main living area.

• Ground floor is big and designed for activities like

cooking , dining ,meeting, and worshipping .while the
1st floor is used for storage and as bedroom space.

• The access to second floor is either by wooden ladder

inside or outside the building.
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 ROOF AND WALLS
• The traditional house at this village uses timber and mud mortar as prime building
material.

• Mostly locally available stones are use for making the walls.

• Roofs are made up of slate stones.

• Walls are mostly plastered inside and outside using white , ocher or red mud.

• Sundried or burnt clay bricks are used as main walling material in Newari houses.

• Houses with sloping roofs are preferred so that snow and water may slip down

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FOUNDATION, FLOORS AND CEILING
• Houses are mostly made rectangular in shape using stone foundation.

• The ceiling are usually kept between 8 to 9 feet.

• Stone platforms are made as a floor by plastering using mud.

• Wood frame works of pillar and beams is used to support the ceiling.

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 OPENINGS
• The openings of houses of hilly region are rather small, but larger than
those in the mountains.

• Windows are faced downhill while roofs overhang protects the walls from
the heavy monsoon rain.

• In newari houses main living room has a big window with decorative wood
craving

• Back wall have often no openings except a small hole from the kitchen used
as smoke outlet.

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 CONCLUSION
HENCE, TRADITIONAL BUILDING OF HILLY REGIONS ARE
CONSTRUCTED CLIMATICALLY RESPONSIVE WITH
MAINLY LOCAL BUILDING MATERIALS.
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THANK YOU!