Filter

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Need of Filter Circuit
• Filter are the electronic circuits use along with rectifiers in order to
get a pure ripple free dc voltage.
• Till now we have seen that from all the rectifiers we get a ‘
• pulsating’ DC voltage.

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• Ideal DC pure voltage

• In order to obtain it we use filters. A filter is connected

at the output of the rectifier.
• We can connect a filter at the output of any type of
rectifier. (HWR,FWR or Bridge)

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Types of Filters
• Filters are classified depending on the components used and
depending on the configuration in which they are connected.
1. Capacitor input Filter (Shunt Capacitor Filter)
2. Choke input Filter (S)
3. LC filter
4. Filter
5. RC filter

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Capacitor Input Filter (Shunt Capacitor)
or C Filter

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• A capacitor-input filter is a filter circuit in which the first
element is a capacitor connected in parallel with the output of
the rectifier
• The capacitor increases the DC voltage and decreases the
ripple voltage components of the output.

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Choke input Filter (S)

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• In series inductor filter the inductor is connected in series with
the rectifier output and the load resistor. Thus, it is called series
inductor filter.
• The property of an inductor to block AC and provides zero
resistance to DC is used in filtering circuit.
• When the value of DC output from the rectifier is more than the
average value then the rectifier store the excess current in the
form of magnetic energy.

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LC Filter

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• the inductor L allows the dc to pass but restricts the flow of ac
components as its dc resistance is very small and ac impedance is
large. 
• After a signal passes through the choke, if there is any fluctuation
remaining the current, it will be fully bypassed before it reaches the
load by the shunt capacitor

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ch2_filter

11
Pi filter(CLC)

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• This filter is divided into two – a capacitor filter and a L-section filter.
• The capacitor C1 does most of the filtering in the circuit and the
remaining ripple removed by the L-section filter (L-C2).
• C1 is selected to provide very low reactance to the ripple frequency.
The voltage regulation is poor for this circuit as the output voltage
falls off rapidly with the increase in load current.

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