Chapter 5

ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURES THAT
SUPPORT STRATEGIC
INITIATIVES
P N . I N TA N L I A N A B T S U H A I M E
Learning
Outcomes
1.Compare the responsibilities of
a (CIO), (CTO), (CPO), (CSO),
and (CKO)

2.Explain the gap between IT

people and businesspeople and
the primary reason this gap exists

3.Define the relationship between

information security and ethics
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Organizational
Structures
• Organizational employees
must work closely together to
develop strategic initiatives
that create competitive
advantages

• Understanding the basic

structure of a typical IT
department including titles,
roles, and responsibilities will
help an organization build a
cohesive enterprise wide team.
• Information technology is a
relatively new functional area,
having only been around
formally for around 50 years

• Recent IT-related strategic

positions:

1. Chief Information Officer

(CIO)

2. Chief Technology Officer

(CTO)

3. Chief Security Officer

(CSO)

4. Chief Privacy Officer

(CPO)

5. Chief Knowledge Office

(CKO)
Chief Information Officer (CIO)
• oversees all uses of IT and ensures the
strategic alignment of IT with business
goals and objectives
• The CIO typically reports directly to the
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
• CIOs must possess a solid and detailed
understanding of every aspect of an
organization coupled with tremendous
insight into the capability of IT
• Broad CIO functions include:
• Manager – ensuring the delivery of all IT
projects, on time and within budget
• Leader – ensuring the strategic vision of IT
is in line with the strategic vision of the
organization
• Communicator – building and maintaining
strong executive relationships

• CIOs must have strong business skills

and strong IT skills
2. Chief Technology Officer (CTO) –
3. Chief Security Officer (CSO) –
responsible for ensuring the throughput,
responsible for ensuring the security of IT
speed, accuracy, availability, and
systems
reliability of IT (ensure the efficiency of IT)

4. Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) –

5. Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO) -
responsible for ensuring the ethical and
responsible for collecting, maintaining,
legal use of information (the newest
and distributing the organization’s
senior executive position, and many
knowledge
CPOs are lawyers by training)
The Gap Between Business Personnel
and IT Personnel

This typically causes a communications

• Business personnel
gap between the business personnel
possess expertise in
and IT personnel
functional areas such as
marketing, accounting, and
It is the responsibility of the CIO to
sales
ensure effective communication
between business personnel and IT
• IT personnel have the
personnel
technological expertise
 Ethics and Security
Ethics and security are two fundamental building blocks that organizations
must base their businesses on to be successful

• Ethics – the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward
other people

• Privacy is a major ethical issue

• Privacy – the right to be left alone when you want to be, to have
control over your own personal possessions, and not to be
observed without your consent
Issues affected by
technology advances:-

1. Intellectual property
2. Copyright
3. Fair use doctrine
4. Pirated software
5. Counterfeit
software
Infographic
1. Intellectual property
2. Copyright
3. Fair use doctrine
4. Pirated software
5. Counterfeit software
Primary reasons
privacy issues lost
trust for e-
business
eCommerce security is essential if
you are to make it in this industry.
Are you aware that cybercriminals
target mostly eCommerce
businesses? Online businesses
experienced 32.4% of all
successful cyber attacks in 2018.
A serious business should,
therefore, employ solid-rock
eCommerce security protocols and
measures. It will keep the business
and customers free from attacks.
Security
Organizational information is
an intellectual capital and it
must be protected

Information security – the

protection of information from
accidental or intentional misuse
by persons inside or outside an
organization
1. Compare the responsibilities of a CIO, CTO, CPO, CSO, and CKO
• Chief Information Officer (CIO) oversees all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT with
business goals and objectives.
• Chief Technology Officer (CTO) is responsible for ensuring the throughput, speed, accuracy,
availability, and reliability of IT.
• Chief Security Officer (CSO) is responsible for ensuring the security of IT system.
• Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) is responsible for ensuring the ethical and legal use of information.
• Chief Knowledge Office (CKO) is responsible for collecting, maintaining, and distributing the
organization’s knowledge.

2. Explain the gap between IT people and businesspeople and the primary reason this gap exists
• Business personnel possess expertise in functional areas such as marketing, accounting, and sales.
IT personnel have the technological expertise. This causes a communications gap between the
two. IT personnel have their own vocabularies consisting of acronyms and technical terms.
Business personnel have their own vocabularies based on their experience and expertise. For both
sides to have effective communications, the business personnel must seek to achieve an increased
level of understanding of IT, and the IT personnel must seek to achieve an increased level of
understanding of the business.

3. Define the relationship between information security and ethics

• Information security is a broad term encompassing the protection of information from accidental or
intentional misuse by persons inside or outside an organization. Ethics are the principles and
standards that guide our behavior toward other people. Using security in an inappropriate manner is
an ethical issue. Security and ethics are two fundamental building blocks that organizations must
base their businesses on to be successful.
SEE YOU NEXT
CHAPTER