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Before starting with the description of the theory, is useful to

know the difference between the true stress-strain curve
instead of the engineering curve and why is more meaningful
for this kind of study.
According to Deiter (1988), the engineering stress-strain curve
doesn’t consider the changing of the specimens’ dimension in
fact as presented in the equation (5) and (6), consider only the
initial dimensions.
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Where K is the stress at the unit deformation and n is the so-called strain-
hardening coefficient; these two coefficients vary for every alloy. To obtain
the flow curve, some simplifications have been made like neglecting the
Bauschinger effect and the initial elastic deformation. The Bauschinger
effect describe the material hysteresis behavior but usually it’s admitted an
equal yield stress for tension and compression; the other simplifications
are to consider the material behavior like perfectly rigid without the elastic
deformation below the yield stress and then during the plasticity the stress
cannot be higher than the yield stress, this is called a perfectly rigid-plastic
material.
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