Addis Ababa University

College of Health Sciences

School of Public Health
Department of Preventive Medicine

Monitoring COVID-19 Non Pharmaceutical Intervention Practice:

Hand hygiene, Physical distance and Respiratory hygiene

Data collection protocol and tools

April 2022
 Background
Government public Health Actions/response to Covid_19
• 1st case: 13 March/2020
• Banning mass gathering
• Shut down Schools and Universities
• Shut down government offices
• Border closure
• Declares state emergency
♦ Health Education campaigns (Promoted through
EthioTeleCom, mass media, social media…)

20/12/2022 2
 Purpose

• Determining the progress of indicators of community

practice (Non Pharmaceutical Intervention (NPI))
– Hand hygiene

– Physical distance
– Respiratory hygiene

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 First Experience: April 20-June 28/2020
Results of 10 weeks
Community Practice
100%
Proper Hand Hygiene
Proper Physical Dis-
Base line
tancing
Proper Respiratory
80% Hygiene

60%

40%

20%

0%
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week Week 9 Week
(Apr20-26) (Apr27- (May 4- (May 11- ( May 20- (May 27- (June3- 8(June10- (June15- 10(June22-
May3) May 10) May 17) May24) May 31) June7 June14 June21 June28

abrK_05-Apr-21 4
 Mask using Trend : April 2020-Jan 2022

Trend of mask using on a continuum time scale of the 3 surveys in Addis Ababa
April 2020-Jan 2022 (continuous slowly declining

abrk_ 19April-21 5
 Objectives of the monitoring
– Measure the level of hand hygiene practice

– Measure the level of physical distancing

– Measure the level of respiratory hygiene practice

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 Outcome measurement definition and code:

• Hand hygiene:
1. Proper hand hygiene

2. Improper hand hygiene

3. No hand hygiene
8. Not applicable: If the practice is not applicable in the
observation location; this is applicable only for zebera hand
hygiene in zebra crossing

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

♦ Proper hand hygiene practice:

– A person wash hands with available detergent and
water at least for 20 -30 seconds or use
sanitizer/hand rub before getting in the facility or
taking the services

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

♦ Improper hand hygiene practice:

– A person wash hands only with water or water
and detergent for less than 20 seconds before
getting in the facility or taking the services

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

♦ No hand hygiene practice:

– A person getting in to the facility or taking the services
without washing hands or use of sanitizer

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

• Physical distance
1. Proper physical distance

2. Improper physical distance

3. No physical distance

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

• Proper physical distance:

– A person is keeping 1 meter away from another
person during getting service or greetings or
shopping or discussing or praying

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

♦ Improper physical distance:

– A person is keeping less than 1 meter away with
another person during getting service or greetings
or shopping or discussing or praying

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

♦ No physical distance:
– A person has body contacts or hugging or shaking
hands with another person during getting service
or greetings or shopping or discussing or praying

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

• Respiratory hygiene
1. Proper respiratory hygiene

2. Improper respiratory hygiene

3. No respiratory hygiene

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

♦ Proper respiratory hygiene

– A person cover the mouth and nose with mask of any
type

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

• Improper respiratory hygiene:

– A person covering only the mouth or nose with mask or
clothes OR
– A person covering both nose and mouth with mask but
touch the mask with hands or touch eyes

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 Outcome measurement definition and code

• No respiratory hygiene:
– A person does not cover the mouth and nose

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 Site selection
• Sites will be selected based on
– High public density
– Center for various public services (transport, business, religious,
etc)

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 Service facilities for observation
Nine service facilities from each mandatory sites

1. Religious places (Churches and mosques)

2. Bank (CBE and private banks)

3. Market (open market, street market and super market)

4. Health facility (health center, clinics or hospitals)

5. Public transport (taxi, bus or train terminals or stops)

6. Workplace (factories or public offices)

7. Street (Zebra cross, signalized intersection or roundabout)

8. Food & drink establishment (hotel, restaurant, cafeteria, etc)

9. School ( Primary school, government or private)

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 Service facility selection criteria

• Functionality of the service facility

• Accessible for observation

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 Data collection days

Once –Wednesday???

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 Number of observations
• 10 persons observation from each service facility per day per
person

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 Key observation parameters
• Hand hygiene practice (HH)
• Physical distance (PD)

• Respiratory hygiene (RH)

• Public transport driver respiratory hygiene (DRH)

• Public transport assistant driver respiratory hygiene

(ARH)

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 Service facilities and key observation parameters

Service facilities Observation parameters

Religious place HH + PD + RH

Bank HH + PD + RH

Market PD + RH+ PD

Health facility HH + PD + RH
PD + RH + OC + DRH + ARH
Public transport
HH + PD + RH
Workplace
PD + RH
Street
Food & drink establishment HH + PD + RH

School HH + PD + RH

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Variables in the data collection tool
• City name: Addis Ababa
• Sub-city name: Gulele, etc
• Location or mandatory sites name: Addisu Gebeya, etc
• Service facility name: Bank, etc
• Specific type of service facility: CBE, etc
• Observer name: Shibabaw, etc
• Date of observation: 23/03/2021, etc
• Observation time start and end: 8:30 – 9:00, etc
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 Variables.,,,
• ID: indicate the person and start from 1 in each service facility observation
• Sex: Male; female
• Age group: < 18 years; 19 – 50 years; > 50 years
• Hand hygiene: Proper, improper, no
• Physical distance: Proper, improper, no
• Respiratory hygiene: Proper, improper, no
• Type of mask: Cloth, surgical mask, N95
• Driver respiratory hygiene: Proper, improper, no
• Assistant respiratory hygiene: Proper, improper, no

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THANK YOU

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