Seminar

on

ROVER IN SPACE EXPLORATION

By
DHONDI RAMITHA
(20WH5A0515)
Computer Science and Engineering
8 December, 2022

BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

 CONTENTS
● Abstract
● Introduction to Rover
● How Rover is launched?
● How Rover works ?
● Types of Rover
● Challenges faced by Rover
● Merits and Demerits
● Case study
● Applications
● Conclusion
● References
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 ABSTRACT

Space exploration allows us to prove or disprove scientific theories

developed on earth . Studying the solar system, for example, has brought us
insights into such phenomena as gravity, the magnetosphere, the atmosphere,
fluid dynamics and the geological evolution of other planets.While humans
have yet to journey in-person to Mars, we’ve now sent several rovers to drive
around and explore the Red Planet for us. A rover can take pictures, perform
experiments, and travel across the rocky terrain of Mars.

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 INTRODUCTION TO ROVER

Rover is a landed spacecraft that can make detailed observations of a planet's

surface. However, these observations are restricted to a small area. Crewed
missions or robotic rovers provide not only mobility but also the capability to do
complex tasks and make intelligent and selective observations.Rovers have to
withstand high levels of acceleration, high and low temperatures, pressure, dust,
corrosion, cosmic rays, remaining functional without repair for a needed period of
time.

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 MARS ROVER

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 HOW ROVER IS LAUNCHED?

ENTRY, SURFACE
LAUNCH CRUISE/APPROACH DESCENT & MISSION
LANDING

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HOW ROVER WORKS ?

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• Communications from The planet to the earth is equipped with
significant telecommunication redundancy by several means: an X
band transmitter and receiver that can communicate directly with
Earth, and a UHF Electra-Lite software-defined radio for
communicating with planet orbiters
• Communication with orbiters is the main path for data return to Earth,
since the orbiters have both more power and larger antennas than
the Lander, allowing for faster transmission speeds.
• Telecommunication included a small deep Space transponder on the
descent stage and a solid-state power amplifier on the rover for X
band.
• The rover also has two UHF radios, the signals of which orbiting
relay satellites are capable of relaying back to Earth.

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 TYPES OF ROVERS

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 CHALLENGES FACED BY ROVER

● Mission challenges

● Environment challenges

● Environmental effects on rover design

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 MERITS

● Determine the nature and inventory of organic carbon compounds.

● Determine present state, distribution, and cycling of water and carbon

dioxide,Surface radiation.

● Investigate the chemical building blocks of life (carbon, hydrogen,

nitrogen,oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur).

● Identify features that may represent the effects of biological processes

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 DEMERITS

● It can be expensive

● Space junk

● Risks: Known and Unknown

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 CASE STUDY

• The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan, was a 

space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5
November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).It was
India's first interplanetary mission

• It made India the first Asian nation to reach Martian orbit and the first nation in
the world to do so on its maiden attempt.

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• The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted-off from the First Launch Pad at 
Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a 
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09:08 UTC on 5 November
2013. 

• The mission was a "technology demonstrator" project to develop the technologies for
designing, planning, management, and operations of an interplanetary mission. [24] It
carried five scientific instruments.[25] The spacecraft was monitored from the
Spacecraft Control Centre at ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network
 (ISTRAC) in Bengaluru with support from the Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN)
antennae at Bengaluru, Karnataka.
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• On 2 October 2022, it was reported that the orbiter had irrecoverably lost
communications with Earth after entering a seven-hour eclipse period in April
2022 that it was not designed to survive. The following day, ISRO released a
statement that all attempts to revive Mangalyaan had failed and officially
declared it dead, citing the loss of fuel and battery power to the probe's
instruments.

• Prime Minister Manmohan Singh approved the project on 3 August 2012,after

the Indian Space Research Organisation completed ₹125 crore (US$16 million)
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 APPLICATIONS

● Commercial mining operations

● Disaster relief scenarios
● Suspicious package handling
● Safe agriculture

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FUTURE OF ROVERS

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• Traditional rover designs have limitations that the team are trying to overcome. For
example, the Mars rover Spirit got stuck in sand and had its mission terminated. 
• They are hoping to avoid such problems and design a robot to explore terrain with
loose soil, large boulders, and even steel slopes, which are particularly difficult for a
robot with wheels.
• ANYmal has another advantage to rovers in that it can move in different walking gaits.
This will allow the robot to cover large distances in short amounts of time and to climb
steep slopes.

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 CONCLUSION
• Space exploration is the key to the future and we will reap the rewards of this necessary
investment of money and resources. Researches and technologies about space exploration
are very important for Without risk, we remain in our caves, never daring to see what lies
beyond our immediate sight.
• The money we are spending now on space program will help in the long run. It is the
main thrust of humanity's future dreams which expands their limits as new projects
accomplished. Despite the fact that space exploration projects need huge amount of
money and also time, it can not be totally stopped.

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 REFERENCES
• https://www.labroots.com/trending/space/23689/four-legged-robots-explore-moon

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-oQRSViZQE&t=402s&ab_channel=JaredOwen

• https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/technology/

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rover_(space_exploration)

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqqaW8DCc-I&ab_channel=RealEngineering

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 THANK YOU

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