Object Oriented Paradigm

Lecture # 13
 Outline
 Database and DBMS
 Relational Databases
 JDBC
 What Does JDBC Do?
 Case Study: The Books Database
 The DBConnect Class
 Login Database Example
 Store Database Example
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 Database and DBMS

 A database is an organized collection of data.

 There are many different strategies for organizing data
to facilitate easy access and manipulation.
 Database Management System (DBMS)
– A DBMS provides mechanisms for storing, organizing,
retrieving and modifying data.

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 Relational Databases
 Most popular DBMSs are relational databases
– A relational database stores data in tables
– Tables are composed of rows, and rows are composed of columns
in which values are stored
– Primary key: a column (or group of columns) in a table with a
unique value that cannot be duplicated in other rows
 SQL (sequel) is the international standard language used
with relational databases to perform queries
 Some popular RDBMSs: Microsoft Access, Microsoft SQL
Server, Oracle, and MySQL
 In this course, we will use Microsoft Access
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 JDBC

 JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is a Java API

(Application Programming Interface) used for
executing SQL statements from within a Java program.

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 What Does JDBC Do?

 JDBC makes it possible to do three things:

– establish a connection with a database

– send SQL statements

– process the results

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 Case Study: The Books Database

 The database consists of four tables

Table Relationships in Books 7

 Case Study: The Books Database
 authors table
– authorID
 An autoincremented field (primary key)
– firstName
 Author’s first name (a string)
– lastName
 Author’s last name (a string)

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 Case Study: The Books Database
 publishers table
– publisherID
 An autoincremented integer (primary-key)
– publisherName
 The name of the publisher (a string)

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 Case Study: The Books Database
 titles table
– Isbn
 ISBN number of the book (a string)
– Title
 Title of the book (a string)
– editionNumber
 Edition number of the book (an integer)
– Copyright
 Copyright year of the book (a string)
– publisherID
 Publisher’s ID number (an integer). This value must correspond to
an ID number in the publishers table (Foreign Key).
– imageFile
 Name of the file containing the book’s cover image (a string)
– Price
 Suggested retail price of the book (a real number)
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Case Study: The Books Database

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 Case Study: The Books Database
 authorISBN table
– authorID
 The author’s
ID number,
which allows
the database
to associate
each book with
a specific
author.
(foreign key)
– isbn
 The ISBN
number for a
book (a string),
foreign key
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The Books Database: Console Example

 An Example Program

– A program which establishes connection with the books

database using DBConnect class, sends a select query to the

authors table, and displays the results of query onto the

standard output.

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The Books Database: Console Example
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
public class AuthorManager {

public void viewAuthors() {

int col1Value = 0;
String col2Value = null;
String col3Value = null;
/* Creating object of the class DBConnect */
DBConnect dbConnect = new DBConnect();
/* Calling the method getDBConnection of the DBConnect class */
dbConnect.getDBConnection("books.mdb");
/* Calling the getter method to get the statement object of
the DBConnect class */
Statement statement = dbConnect.getStatement();
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The Books Database: Console Example
String query = "SELECT * FROM authors";
try
{
ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(query);
while (resultSet.next()) {
col1Value = resultSet.getInt("authorID");
col2Value = resultSet.getString("firstName");
col3Value = resultSet.getString("lastName");
/* Printing the data on the console */
System.out.println(col1Value+ " "+col2Value+" "+col3Value);
} //end of while
}//end of try
catch(Exception exception){
System.out.println("Exception while executing the Query: "+exception);}
finally { dbConnect.disconnectDB(); }
}//end of viewAuthors

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The Books Database: Console Example
public static void main(String[] args)
{
AuthorManager manager = new AuthorManager();
manager.viewAuthors();

} //end of the main

}//end of the class Requesting Connection...
Connection Established...
---------------
1 Harvey Deitel
2 Paul Deitel
3 Tem Nieto
4 Sean Santry
---------------
Connection Closed
--------------- 16
 Login Database: Console Example

 Another Example

– A program which establishes connection with the

login database using DBConnect class, sends a select

query to the Login table with a user provided login

and password to validate user login and password.

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 Login Database: Console Example
import java.sql.*;
public class LoginManager {
public static void main(String[] args) {
boolean validUser = false;
ConsoleReader myConsole = new ConsoleReader(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter Login: ");

String login = myConsole.readLine();

System.out.print("Enter Password: ");

String password = myConsole.readLine();

String query = "SELECT * FROM LoginTable WHERE

LoginName='"+login+"' AND Password='"+password+"'" ;

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Login Database: Console Example
DBConnect dbConnectObj = new DBConnect();
dbConnectObj.getDBConnection("LoginDB.mdb");
Statement statement = dbConnectObj.getStatement();
try{
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(query);
if(rs.next()){
validUser = true;
} //end while
}//end of try
catch(Exception exp){
validUser = false;
System.out.println("Exception: "+exp.toString());
}//end of catch
finally{
dbConnectObj.disconnectDB();
}

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 Login Database: Console Example
if(validUser){
System.out.println("You are a member. ");
}//end if
else{
System.out.println("You are not a member. ");
}//end else

}//end of main
}//end of the class Enter Login: abc
Enter Password: abc
---------------
Requesting Connection...
Connection Established...
---------------
---------------
Connection Closed
---------------
You are a member. 20
 Store Database: Console Example
 Example
– A program which establishes connection with the
store database using DBConnect class, sends a select
query to the Item table, and displays the results of
query on the standard output.
– The output from this program includes column
headings of Item table.

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 Store Database: Console Example
import java.sql.*;
class ItemManager {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DBConnect dbconnect = new DBConnect();
dbconnect.getDBConnection("StoreDB.mdb");
Statement statement = dbconnect.getStatement();
String query = "SELECT * FROM ItemTable";
try{
ResultSet results = statement.executeQuery(query);
ResultSetMetaData rsmetadata = results.getMetaData();
int colcount = rsmetadata.getColumnCount();
for(int i=1; i<=colcount; i++)
{/*displaying col. names*/
System.out.print(rsmetadata.getColumnName(i)+"\t");
}
System.out.println();
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 Store Database: Console Example
while(results.next()){
for(int i=1; i<=rsmetadata.getColumnCount();i++){
System.out.print(results.getString(i)+"\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
}//end of try
catch(SQLException e) {
/*statement.executeQuery method throws java.sql.SQLException*/
System.out.println(e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{ dbconnect.disconnectDB(); }
}
}

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 Store Database: Console Example
---------------
Requesting Connection...
Connection Established...
---------------
ItemID Name NoOfItems UnitPrice Description ImgPath
G100 T-Shirt 110 275.5 dfgh c:\images\tshirt.jpg
G101 Shirt 50 599.99 dfgh dfgh c:\images\shirt.jpg
S200 Black Shoes 15 1500.0 hjkl jkl kl c:\images\shoe.jpg

S201 Joggers 15 2500.0 asdfghj asdfghjkl c:\images\jogger.jpg

B300 Lux 100 20.0 abcd abcd c:\images\lux.jpg

B301 Capri 100 20.0 asdf asdf asdf c:\images\capri.jpg
B302 Safe Guard 75 20.0 xyz xyz xyz xy c:\images\soap.jpg

B303 Max Bar 50 25.0 qwer qwer qwer c:\images\max.jpg

---------------
Connection Closed
---------------
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 Recommended Reading
 Chapter # 25: Accessing Databases with JDBC
from Deitel & Deitel, Java: How to Program,
Sixth Edition (J2SE 5.0)
– Softcopy of book is available on course web page in
compiled HTML format

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