PRESSURE MEASURING

DEVICES
Presented By:
Areeba Naqvi
Industry Visited :
 Fluid Pressure:
The fluid contained in a vessel exerts a force on
all its sides. The force per unit area is called Fluid
Pressure.

Mathematically:
P= P/A
where,
P= the force and
A= area on which the force acts
p= intensity of pressure

SI UNIT:
S.I. unit is N/m2or Pascal
 Pressure Head:
Represents the internal energy of a fluid due to the
pressure exerted on its container.
It may also be called static pressure head or simply
static head.

Mathematically,
h=p/γ
Where
h=pressure head
p=intensity of pressure
γ=specific wt. of the liquid

Hence, pressure intensity may be expressed in two

ways.
• As force per unit area &
• As an equivalent static head.
 Pascal’s Principle: 
• Any change in the pressure of a fluid is
transmitted uniformly in all directions
throughout the fluid.

• A small force F1 applied to a piston with a

small area produces a much larger force
F2 on the larger piston.

• This allows a hydraulic jack to lift heavy

objects.
Atmospheric, absolute and gauge pressure
 Devices used for measuring pressure
• Fluid pressure may be measured by the following devices-
1. Manometers
 Simple manometers:
 Piezometer,
 U-tube manometer &
 Single- column manometer.
 Differential manometers:
 U-tube differential manometer
 Inverted u-tube differential manometer.
2. Mechanical gauges
• Bourdon tube pressure gauge,
• Diaphragm pressure gauge &
• Vacuum gauge.
 MANOMETER
measures pressure at a point in a fluid by balancing the column of fluid with the
same or another column of fluid.

 U-tube Manometer
 Piezometer
 Single-column Manometers
• Inclined
• Vertical
Differential manometers-
• U-tube Differential Manometer
• Inverted U-tube Differential Manometer
 Simple manometers-
Consists of a glass tube whose one end is connected to a point
where pressure is to be measured and the other end is exposed
to the atmosphere

Includes-
o Piezometers
o U-tube manometers &
o Single-column manometers