Definition , etiology, and risk

factor of toxoplasmosis cerebri

Definition
• Cerebral toxoplasmosis is an infection of T. gondii that
affects the brain with high mortality and morbidity rates,
especially in low-to middle-income countries and tropical
regions, including Indonesia.
• Cerebral toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection that is
often found in people living with human immunodeficiency
virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)
known as PLWHA.
Etiology
• Toxoplasma Gondii
• Toxoplasma Gondii merupakan parasit obligat intraseluler
• T. gondii progresses through 3 main distinctive forms,
namely, oocyst (containing sporozoites), tachyzoite, and
tissue cyst (containing bradyzoites).
Risk Factor
• Age
• Gender
• Low CD4 cell count
• High HIV viral load
Reference
• Berlianty B, Sofianti D, Ahmad RG. Glasgow Outcome Scale Assessment
in Patients with Cerebral Toxoplasmosis. Althea Medical Journal.
2022;9(1):30–36
• Yostila D, Armen A. Toxoplasmosis Cerebri Pada HIV AIDS. Jurnal
Kesehatan Andalas. 2018; 7(Supplement 4)
• Elsheikha HM. Christina M, Xing-Quan Z. Epidemiology, Pathophysiology,
Diagnosis, and Management of Cerebral Toxoplasmosis. PubMed. Cited
[19 Mei 2022]. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7690944/
• I Maed Dwinata. Putu Eka W. Putri Rossyana D. Eric Hartono T. Risk
factors of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV patients : A systematic review.
2021. Romanian Journal of Neurology.