A well-conducted randomized control trial of cognitive stimulation (reality orientation,

games, and discussions based on information processing rather than knowledge)

conducted in the United Kingdom as a group intervention, and a small pilot trial from
Brazil, suggest that cognitive benefits from this intervention are similar to those for ChEIs
(Aguirre et al, 2013).
• More specific cognitive training produced no benefits. Cognitive
rehabilitation, an individualized therapy designed to enhance residual
cognitive skills and the ability to cope with deficits, showed promise in
uncontrolled case series in hospital incident command systems. A
meta-analysis of four trials of reminiscence therapy (the discussion of
past activities, events, and experiences) provides evidence for short-
term improvement in cognition, mood, and caregiver strain, but the
quality of these trials was poor (Bahar-Fuchs, 2013; Woods et al,
2005; Woods et al, 2012).