PHILIPPINE

LITERATURE
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE
PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
DIFFERENTIATE TEXT AND CONTEXT; and

IDENTIFY THE VARIOUS CONTEXT IN A TEXT.

WHAT IS TEXT?
IS THE WRITTEN PART OF THE
STORY, WHAT HAPPENS AND
WHAT IS STATED ON THE PAGE.
IT IS EVERYTHING YOU SEE
THAT IS NOT IMPLIED.
 WHAT IS CONTEXT?
ORGINATES FROM THE IDEA OF
WEAVING TOGETHER, AS IN ‘TEXTILE’.
THE NEWOXFORD DICTIONARY,
PUBLISHED IN 1998, DEFINES CONTEXT
AS ‘THE CIRCUMSTANCES THAT FORM
THE SETTING FOR AN EVENT,
STATEMENT OR IDEA, AND IN TERMS OF
WHICH IT CAN BE FULLY UNDERSTOOD
CONTEXT REFERS TO
WHAT GOES WITH A
TEXT, RATHER THAN
WHAT IS IN IT.
IT SHAPES THE TEXT.
 THE FELLOWSHIP OF THE RING
BY JRR TOLKIEN
WHEN MR. BILBO BAGGINS OF BAG
END ANNOUNCED THAT HE WOULD
SHORTLY BE CELEBRETING HIS
111ST BIRTHDAY WITH A PARTY OF
SPECIAL MAGNIFICENCE, THERE
WAS MUCH TALK AND EXCITEMENT
TEXT

BILBO BUGGINGS IS TURNING

111, AND HE WILL CELEBRATE
HIS BIRTHDAY WITH A GREAT
PARTY. THAT EVENT GETS THE
COMMUNITY HE LIVES IN INTO
 CONTEXT
1.WE MAY HAVE QUESTIONS SUCH AS:
• WHAT AND WHERE IS HOBBITON?
• IS BAG END PART OF IT? AND IF IT IS,
WHAT IS IT?
• WHO IS BILBO BAGGINS? AND MAY BE,
MORE IMPORTANTLY.
• IS HE GOING TO BE THE MAIN
CHARACTER OF THIS STORY.
TEXT – BAREBONES

CONTEXT - MEAT
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF
CCONTEXT
– CULTURAL CONTEXT
H- HISTORICAL CONTEXT
I- IDEOLOGICAL CONTEXT
P – PERSONAL CONTEXT
S- SOCIAL CONTEXT
 CULTURAL CONTEXT
1. CULTURES REFERS TO A
PARTICULAR ‘WAY OF
LIFE’, INVOLVING
RELIGION, RACE AND
NATIONALITY, AS WELL AS
THINGS LIKE FOOD ,
1. CULTURE CAN RELATE TO
ART, MUSIC, WRITING AND
LITERATURE.
2. CULTURAL CONTEXT
ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO
NOTE IF THE AUTHOR IS
ATTEMPTING TO MAKE A
COMMENT ON AN ASPECT OF
 HISTORICAL CONTEXT
IS THE BROADER CULTURAL
ENVIRONMENT OF A TOPIC OR
PIECE, WHICH INCLUDES HOW TIME
AFFECTS THE IMPORTANCE OF
SOMETHING.
IT ALSO INCLUDES POLITICS,
CULTURE, RELIGION, ECONOMICS
3. IDEOLOGICAL CONTEXT
- REFERS TO THE SYSTEMS OF
BELIEFS AND IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN OUR
ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR. SUCH
IDEOLOGY MAY BE VALUED BY SOCIETY AS
A WHOLE, OR BE THE BASIS OF CONFLICT.
IS A CONTEXT THAT IS IN MANY WAYS
‘INVISIBLE’.
3. PERSONAL CONTEXT
- REFERS TO BOTH AUTHOR AND
READER
- AUTHOR’S LIVES ALWAYS
INFLUENCE THEIR WORK IN SOME WAY.
- READER’S BACKGROUND
KNOWLEDGE IS ALSO IMPORTANT IN
DECONSTRUCTING A TEXT.
SOCIAL CONTEXT

a.IS HOW THE PEOPLE

SURROUNDING SOMETHING
AFFECT AND INTERPRET
SOMETHING.
b.IS CONCERNED WITH PEOPLE
RATHER THAN CULTURE IN
SOCIAL CONTEXT

a.IS HOW THE PEOPLE

SURROUNDING SOMETHING
AFFECT AND INTERPRET
SOMETHING.
b.IS CONCERNED WITH PEOPLE
RATHER THAN CULTURE IN
SOCIAL CONTEXT

a.CHANGES DEPENDING ON WHO IS

INVOLVED.
b.SOCIAL CLASS, RELIGIONS
AFFILIATION AND GENDER ARE A
FEW FACTORS THAT AFFECT HOW
PEOPLE VIEW SOMETHING AND
BUILD SOCIAL CONTEXT
SOCIAL CONTEXT

a.WHEN INTERPRETING THIS TYPE OF

CONTEXT, THE INTENDED AUDIENCE
OF A TEXT OR CREATED WORK IS AN
ESSENTIAL ELEMENT THAT
CHANGES HOW THE VIEWER
SHOULD LOOK AT AN ITEM.
 HISTORICAL CONTEXT
THE HOBBIT SOLD OUT
IMMEDIATELY AFTER PUBLICATION
AND WAS LATER REPRINTED WITH
ILLUSTRATIONS.IT WASN’T UNTIL
THE END OF WORLD WAR II AND
PAPER RATIONING, THAT THE NOVEL
WAS PRINTED IN GREAT NUMBERS