DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

ISO 9001 : 2000 No. Sijil KLR 0404089

Prepared For : MDM. KAMARIAH BT ABDULLAH Prepared By : SITI ATHIRAH BT ISHAK ADILAH BT SAIFUL BAHARI HAIZURA BT HAMZAH NUR FARRAH AINI BT MAZLAN NURUL ZALIKHA BT ABD RAHMAN NURAINI FARHANA BT ALIAS 2007202466 2007202432 2007202524 2007202522 2007229594 2007202446 Diploma Town And Regional Planning 06B Session December 2009 April 2010 Department Of Town And Regional Planning Faculty Of Architecture, Planning And Surveying Universiti Teknologi Mara, Perak

INTRODUCTION

A process to identify, predict, evaluate and communicate information about impacts of a proposed project, policy programmed or plan on a community and their activities and to detail mitigation measures prior to approval and implementation. In other definition, it refer to a systematic process that attempts to determine impacts on the day-to-day quality of life of people whose environment is affected by physical development or policy change. SIA begin with a description of the current situation and proceed to outline the likely future situation in order to estimate the impacts once the project or policy is operational. The result of the SIA are used in monitoring, to measure the actual versus the predicted social impacts and to manage change.

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

FACTORS THAT CAUSING THE PHENOMENA OF THE ISSUES

FACTOR Demographic

ELABORATION Number of people, location, population density, age etc. Factors affecting income and productivity, such as risk aversion of the poorest groups, land tenure, access to productive inputs and markets, family composition, kinship reciprocity, and access to labour opportunities and migration. Organization and capacity at the household and community levels affecting participation in local level institutions as well as access to services and information. Implementing agencies development goals, priorities, commitment, to project objectives, control over resources, experience, experience, and relationship with other stakeholder groups. Stakeholder attitudes and values determining whether development interventions are needed and wanted, appropriate incentives for change and capacity of stakeholders to manage the process of change.

Socio-economic Determinants

Social Organization

Socio-political Context

Needs And Values

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

EFFECTS TO THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND QUALITY OF HUMAN LIFE

A) INDICATIVE HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING IMPACT

Autonomychanges in an individual s independence or self-reliance Changed aspirations for the future for self and children

Death of self or a family memberspersonal lost

Death in the communityloss of human and social capital Nutritionadequacy, security and quality of individual and household food supply Actual health and fertility (ability to conceive) of family members

INDICATIVE HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELLBEING IMPACT

Mental health and subjective well- beingfeelings of stress, anxiety, apathy, depression, nostalgic, melancholy, changed self image, general self esteem (psycho-social factors)

Perceive health and fertility

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

B) INDICATIVE QUALITY OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT (LIVEABILITY) IMPACT

Perceived quality of the living environment (i.e. work and home environment or neighborhood)in terms of exposure to dust, noise, risk, odour, vibration, blasting, artificial light, safety, crowding, presence of strangers, commuting time etc

Actual quality of the living environment

Actual crime and violence

Actual personal safety and hazard exposure

INDICATIVE QUALITY OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT (LIVEABILITY) IMPACT

Disruption to daily living practices (which may or may not cause annoyance)

Perception of personal safety and fear of crime

Adequacy of social infrastructurechanges in the demands for supply of basic social services, etc

Aesthetic quality- visual impacts, outlook, vistas, shadowing etc

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

C) INDICATIVE ECONOMICS IMPACTS AND MATERIAL WELL-BEING IMPACT

Replacement costs of environmental functions- the cost of replacing a product or service that was formerly provided by the environment, such as clean water, firewood, flood protection, etc

Workloadamount of work necessary in order to survive and/or live reasonably

INDICATIVE ECONOMICS IMPACTS AND MATERIAL WELL-BEING IMPACTS

Economic prosperity and resilience- the level of economic affluence of a community and the extent of diversity of economic opportunities

Standard of living, levels of affluence- a composite measure of material well-being referring to how well off a households or individual is in terms of their ability to obtain goods and services. It is also related to the cost of living, and is affected by changes in local prices etc

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

D) INDICATIVE IMPATCS

CULTURAL
Change in cultural values - such as moral rules, beliefs, ritual system, language, and dress

Loss of natural and cultural eritagedamage to or destruction of cultural, historical, archeological or natural resources, including burial grounds, historic sites, and places of religious, cultural and aesthetic value

INDICATIVE CULTURAL IMPACTS

experience of being culturally marginalizedthe structural exclusion of certain groups because of their cultural characteristics, thus creating a feeling of being a second class citizen

Loss of local language or dialect

Profanisation of culturethe commercial exploitation or commoditization of cultural heritage (such as traditional handicrafts, artifacts) and the associated loss of meaning
DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

HOW TO MINIMIZE & CONTROL THE ISSUES

Develop and implement monitoring programme Mitigation, remediation and en ancement plan

Develop public involvement programme

Describe proposed action and alternatives Describe relevant uman environment and zones of influence

Recommend c anges or alternatives Estimate secondary and cumulative impacts

HOW TO MINIMIZE & CONTROL THE ISSUES

Identify probable impacts (scoping) Investigate probable impacts

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

Determine probable response

INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENTS

ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antartic Flora and Fauna Basel Convention Carpathian Convention Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians Convention on Biological Diversity Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution EMEP Protocol Nitrogen Oxide Protocol Volatile Organic Compounds Protocol Sulphur Emission Reduction Protocols 1985 and 1994 Heavy Metals Protocol POP Air Pollution Protocol Multi-effect Protocol (Gothenburg Protocol)

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

Convention on the conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitat Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Technique International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Western Regional Climate Action Initiative

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

CONCLUSION

Conclusively, social impact assessment is predicted on the notion that decision-makers should understand the consequences of their decisions before they act and that the people affected will not only be appraised of the effects but have the opportunity to participate in designing their future. The social environment is different than their future. The social environment is different than the natural environment because it reacts in anticipation of change but it can adapt in reasoned ways to changing circumstance in part of the planning process. In addition, persons in different social settings understand change in different ways and react in different ways. Perhaps because of this complexity, or the political consequences of making overt the social consequences of projects and programs, social impact assessment has not been well-integrated into agency decision making. If a well-prepared SIA is integrated into the decision-making process, better decisions will result.

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS

REFERENCES

Asmah, Ahmad, etc. Social Impact Assessment In Malaysia, Malaysian Association of Social Impact Assessment (MSIA). www.wikipedia.com/social impact assessment

DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK CAMPUS