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diam. But unless There is no one at all.
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GROUP MEMBERS
So, what do you want to be today?

Vera Josan Timjay Josiah Kate Johayver Eloijah

Reporter Reporter Editor & Leader & Reporter
Reporter
Reporter Reporter
 LIST OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION SLIDE 5

CHAPTER TWO
BODY FURTHER EXPLANATION SLIDE 6-14

CHAPTER THREE
CONCLUSION AND GENERALIZATION SLIDE 15
REFERENCES SLIDE 16
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 INTRODUCTIO
N Criticism and Biographical Criticism?
What is Formalist
Formalism is a school of literary criticism and literary theory having mainly to do with
the structural purposes of a particular text. It is a study of a text without taking into
account any outside influence. Notions of culture or social influence, authorship, and
content, and instead focus on modes, genres, discourse, and forms
.
Biographical Criticism is a form of literary criticism which analyzes a writer’s
biography to show the relationship between the author& life and their works of
literature. This approach “begins with the simple but central insight that literature is
written by actual people and that understanding an author’s life can help readers
more thoroughly comprehend the work.” Hence, it often affords a practical method
by which readers can better understand a text.
BODY AND FURTHER EXPLANATION
Formalism: a general term covering several similar types of literary
criticism, which involves a close reading of the text.
In literary theory, formalism refers to critical approaches that analyze, interpret, or
evaluate the inherent features of a text. These features include not only grammar
and syntax but also literary devices such as meter and tropes. The formalist
approach lessens the importance of the text’s historical, biographical, and cultural
context.

Formalism does not consider the author & personal history, cultural influences, and
the actual content of the work itself. Instead, it focuses on the form and genre of the
writing. For example, formalism is interested in the use of grammar and syntax, and
meter in poetry.
What are the characteristics of formalist
criticism?
Formalist critics spend a great deal of time analyzing irony, paradox, imagery, and
metaphor. They are also interested in a way points & setting, characters, symbols,
and point of perspective. Broadly, it is concerned exclusively with the text in isolation
from the world, author, or reader.
 What is the importance of formalism in
literature?
Formalism in literary studies was not merely about formal elements of literature,
though it stressed the importance of studying form. It proclaimed the unity of form
and content by highlighting that in a literary work the former cannot properly be
comprehended when separated from the latter and vice versa.
 What are the four elements of form
that formalist critics are interested in?

points
Of particular interest to the formalist critic are the elements of form-style,
structure, tone, imagery, etc. -that are found within the text. A primary goal
for formalist critics is to determine how such elements work together with the
text & content to shape its effects on readers.
 What is Biographical Criticism?
Biographical criticism is a method that uses personal data about the author to
better understand his works. Biographical criticism assumes that life influences
the literary work of the author. Knowing facts from his life can give readers
and critics a better understandingpoints
of his works. The life of an author may
reflect the literary tendencies of his era. Knowing about the epoch, during
which the author lived and worked, the readers may better understand certain
words, allusions, themes, and characters from his works. In addition, we can
get an idea about the audience to which the author wrote his books. This also
may be very useful for a better understanding of literary works. In addition,
many authors include autobiographical information, inner thoughts, and
feelings in their works.
 That is why knowing about their lives may add to an understanding of their
literary works. On the other hand, there are possible counterparts in the use
of this approach. In some cases, the readers who know the biography of the
author expect to see some autobiographical information in his works and get
dissatisfied when they do not see these correlations. On the other hand,
biographical information can interfere sometimes with the perception of the
literary work. Sometimes readers make a stronger accent on the biographical
data and miss the literary value of the work they read.
 Why is biographical criticism
important?
Biographical Criticism enables readers to approach the writer & work with a
points
deeper understanding of how they were crafted and their meaning. The lens
allows us to see the imaginative spirit of how writers have taken events from
their own lives and shaped these experiences into their works for the readers
to enjoy. It relies on autobiographies, correspondence, and other primary
materials about the author and is a form of historical criticism.
What is the most important concept
about biographical criticism?

Formally, biographical criticism assumes

points the author & life, thoughts, and
feelings of the author heavily influence the text. Therefore, biographical
theorists believe that it is necessary to study the life of the author to truly
understand the text.
 What is the purpose of the
biographical approach?

The aim was to find references to points

the author & life, education, and socio-
cultural environment
in a literary work.
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CONCLUSION AND GENERALIZATION

Formalist Criticism
● emphasizes explication or “close reading” of “the work itself”
● aims to classify, categorize, and catalog works according to their formal attributes
● attempts to treat each work as it own distinct piece, free from its environment, era, and
even author
● focuses on the internal workings of the text rather than its external influences

Biographical Criticism
● Biographical criticism assumes the author & life, thoughts, and feelings of the author
heavily influence the text.
● Biographical Criticism enables readers to approach the writer & work with a deeper
understanding of how they were crafted and their meaning.
● It relies on autobiographies, correspondence, and other primary materials about the author
and is a form of historical criticism.
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REFERENCES
● https://www.basic-concept.com/c/definition-of-formalism-including-properties
● https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-is-formalist-criticism-196827#answer
● https://www.definitions.net/definition/biographical+criticism
 Thank you for watching
Group Members

(1) Kate D. Baltazar Leader & Reporter

(2) Josiah T. Hernandez Editor & Reporter
(3)Timjay Flora Reporter
(4) Eloijah Mae DeVera Reporter
(5) Vera Josan Jely D. Castillo Reporter
(6) Johayver Macapantong Reporter
Group Number #2