URO-GENITAL

dr. Muhammad Firroy Friztanda

Urinary System.
Kidney System.
 Kidney System

o The process consists of:

1. Pronephros  rudiment, nonfunctional
2. Mesonephros  functional temporary at intial phase of embryo
3. Metanephros  shaping the kidney permanently
o Generally the process develop from cranial to caudal

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Pronephros

o In the early of week 4 (22 days) nd

o In the form of 7-10 aggregates cell in the cervical region  nephrotome

o Disappear in the end of week 4
o Doesn’t have excretory function 1(notNephrogenic
functional)
cord
2 Mesonephric duct
1+2 Mesonephros
3 Intestine
4 Cloaca
5 Atrophied nephrotome
6 Yolk sac (umbilical vesicle)
7 Allantois
8 Outflow of the mesonephric duct
into the cloaca

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Mesonephros (Wolffian)

o = 2 Kidneynd

o In the thoracal and superior lumbar

o Occurred in Week-4
o In the from of excretory tubule  prolonged  S-Shaped  capillary roll 
GLOMERULUS Corpuculus Renalis

o Surrounding the glomerulus: formed Capsula Bowman

o Lateral side: invasion of Mesonephric Duct (Wolffian duct)

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Mesonephros

1 Nephrogenic cord
2 Mesonephric duct
1+2 Mesonephros
3 Intestine
4 Cloaca
5 Atrophied nephrotome
6 Yolk sac (umbilical vesicle)
7 Allantois
8 Outflow of the mesonephric duct
into the cloaca
9 Ureter bud (anlage)

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Mesonephros

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Mesonephros (Wolffian)

o Differentiation at the Caudal part is accompanied by glomerulus degenariton and

tubule in the cranial
o End of Month-2: almost everypart disappeared
o In Men: Leaving tubule in caudal and mesonephric duct  participating upon
forming the genitalia system

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Mesonephros

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Metanephros

o Permanent Kidney
o Occurred in Week-5
o Excretory unit formed
o Collecting system: excretory canal
- From ureteric bud: protruding out of the distal part of mesonephric duct 
elongation and branching

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Metanephros

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Metanephros

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

Collecting System.
 Collecting System

Collecting System
o From ureteric bud: protrusion of mesonephric close to distal cloaca
o The end part invade the metanephric tissue  dilatation  primitive renal pelvis
o  divided into cranial and caudal  “calycx mayor”
o At calyx  2 branch invade metanephric tissue  and so forth until 12 generation
o Partial absorbtion on the distal part  minor cayces of the renal pelvic
o Another part get elongated  renal pyramid
o END: ureteric bud forming: ureter, renal pelvis, calyx mayor and minor, and tubulus
colectivus

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Collecting System

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Collecting System

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

Excretory System.
 Excretory System

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Excretory System

Excretory System
o From ureteric bud: protrusion of mesonephric close to distal cloaca
o The end part invade the metanephric tissue  dilatation  primitive renal pelvis
o  divided into cranial and caudal  “calycx mayor”
o At calyx  2 branch invade metanephric tissue  and so forth until 12 generation
o Partial absorbtion on the distal part  minor cayces of the renal pelvic
o Another part get elongated  renal pyramid
o END: ureteric bud forming: ureter, renal pelvis, calyx mayor and minor, and tubulus
colectivus

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Excretory System

Excretory System
o Cells at the end part  renal vesicles  small S-shaped tubules
o Capillary formed into the end of the S  differentiated into glomeruli
o Tubuli + Glomeruli = nephrons (excretory unit)
o End of proximal nephron  Bownman’s capsule (with indentation by glomerulus)
o End of distal part  connected with ductus collectivus (collecting unit)
o Keep elongating  proximal convoluted tubule (TCP), loop of henle, and distal
convoluted tubule (TCD)

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Brief Physiology

Brief Physiology
o Nephron keeps forming until birth
o Urine start to produced since week-10 (after differentiation of glomerulus capillary)
o Urine  amniotic cavity
o At birth, kidney still lobulated and will be merged until infant
o There’s no increasing number of nephron after birth

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

Migration and Rotation
 Migration and Rotation

• Initial: Pelvic region  moving cranially in the abdomen

• Fx: reducing body curve and development of lumbar and sacral
part

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
 Migration and Rotation

• At first the convex border of the kidney is directed

posterioly while the hilum lies ventrally
• Later the kidney rotates about 90 degrees and the dorsal
convex border becomes lateral.

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
 Migration and Rotation

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
Bladder and Urethra
 Bladder and Urethra

o Started in Week-4 (until 7): Cloaca separated into urogenital sinus in the anterior and
anal canal in the posterior
o Divided by urorectal septum (derivate mesoderm between the primitive anal canal
and the urogenital sinus). The end part forming perineal body (fig. 14.12C)

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
 Bladder and Urethra

o Superior Urogenital sinus: (Largest)  VU, still merged with allantois

o When the lumen allantois obliterated  urachus, connecting apex VU with umbilicus
(in adult = lig. Umbilical mediana)

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
 Bladder and Urethra

o Ductus mesonephric caudal part absorbed into the VU wall  ureter entering VU separately
o By the ascending of the kidney  orificium ureter is ascending as well
o Mesonephric duct approaching urethra prostatica  ejaculatory ducts
o Transformation of VU mucose  endodermal epithelium

42

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

Bladder and Urethra

o Epithel: mesoderm derivate

o Surrounding Connective tissue and Smooth muscle: splanchnic mesoderm derivate
o End of Week-3:
- MEN : epithelium prostatic urethra proliferate  penetrating
mesencym  prostate gland
- WOMEN: cranial part of urethra  urethral and paraurethral glands

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Genital System.
 Development of Sex Organ

• During weeks 1–6, the embryo remains in a sexually

indifferent or undifferentiated stage.
 genetically female embryos and male embryos are phenotypically
indistinguishable.
• During week 7, the indifferent embryo begins phenotypic sexual
differentiation.
• By week 12, female or male characteristics of the external genitalia
can be recognized.

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 Development of Sex Organ

Phenotypic sexual differentiation occurs in a

sequence :
 the gonads,
 the genital ducts,
 the primordia of external genitalia.

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
Origins

migrate along the dorsal

mesentery

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
The Gonads
 The Gonads

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 The Gonads

 Mesothelium (mesodermal
epithelium) lining the
posterior abdominal wall
 Underlying mesenchyme
(embryonic connective
tissue)
 Primordial germ cell

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 The Gonads

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 The Gonads

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

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 The Gonads

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

The Ducts
 Mesonephric
ductus
origin

Uterovaginal
canal

Urogenital
sinus
 The Ducts

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

42
 The Ducts

Prostatic utricle: small

blind sac that opens into the
posterior wall of the prostatic
urethra. = homologous to
uterus and vagina in females

Vestigeal remnants

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

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External Genitalia
 External Genitalia

The Primordia of External Genitalia

Indifferent stages
- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.
 External Genitalia

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

External Genitalia
External Genitalia
The Glands
 The Glands

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

 The Glands

- Sadler, T.W. (2019) Langman's medical embryology. 14th Edition, Wolters Kluwer.

Thank You!

FKUB/RSSA