WRITING BASIC

RESEARCH
by: Isabel U. Bongtiwon
Planning and Research Unit
March 25, 2022

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The Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001 (RA 9155)
mandates that the Department of Education enables policies
and mechanisms through which the delivery of quality basic
education may be continuously improved.

Chapter 1, Section 7 (5) includes among the responsibilities

of DepEd across all governance levels the undertaking of
“education research and studies” that will serve as one of the
bases for necessary reforms and policy development.
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What is research?

It is defined as a systematic and refined technique

of thinking, employing specialized tools,
instruments and procedures in order to obtain a
more adequate solution to a problem than would
be possible.

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Why conduct research?

• To improve the quality of life;

• To improve instruction;
• To improve learner achievement;
• To reduce burden of work
• To add to the body of knowledge available

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 QUALITIES OF A GOOD RESEARCH
1. Relevance. The topic is aligned to the present issues and
concerns.
2. Potential contribution. It must address existing gaps in
the literature by contributing new or extending existing
knowledge, concept, theories, models or practices.
3. Feasible. Examine your capability, time and resources.

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 QUALITIES OF A GOOD RESEARCH

4. Delimited. Clearly articulates the parameters of the

study. It should define a realistic scope with clear focus
on the area of the topic.
5. Follows ethical standards. Clearly identify potential
ethical and legal issues, issues on privacy, anonymity,
risks must be acknowledged with mitigation procedures
clearly indicated.

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 WRITING THE TITLE
1. A working title can be proposed; final title may be written last.
2. The title of the paper should capture the main idea of the study
but should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no
purpose.
3. It should be centered on the page and typed in 12-point Arial
font. Do not underline, bold, or italicize the title. 
4. Your title may take up one or two lines, but should not be more
than 12 words in length.

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 THE BASIC RESEARCH PROPOSAL TEMPLATE
(Note: All these chapter and section titles are written and centered as shown)
INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALE
LITERATURE REVIEW
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
SCOPE AND LIMITATION
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Sampling
Data Collection
Plan for Data Analysis
Ethical Issues
GANTT CHART
COST
PLANS FOR DISSEMINATION AND ADVOCACY
REFERENCES
 

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 I
Developing the Introduction and Rationale
(Note: Write researches in the 3rd person point of view)
What are to be included here?
* The general/ideal situation, include relevant literature to
support the ideal situation.
* Importance
* Gaps, prevailing situation (support by stating results of
assessments, observations, results of monitoring and
evaluations, etc.)
* Aims – what do you intend to do?
* Potential contribution, Who will benefit from your study?
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 WRITING THE LITERATURE REVIEW
(1000 words only)

*Include current/relevant topics related

*Gaps
- The research proposal cites theories and previous studies related to
the present research. Sources are properly acknowledged.
- Viewpoints and issues underlying the present research are
discussed and synthesized. They are critically evaluated to identify
inconsistencies or gaps in current knowledge or educational policy
that the study intends to address.
- What makes your study different from previous studies?
- Use inverted pyramid in arranging citations from international, national,
regional, division, district to school. 10
 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Developing research questions:
1. Start by having a clear general aim of your study. The aim is broad
statements of desired outcomes, or the general intentions of the
research which emphasizes what is to be accomplished.
2. From the aim of the research identify the key issues to be focused on
and state them in the form of questions. Any questions not aligned
with the aim should not be included.
Question 1
Research
aim Question 2

Question 3
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 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Characteristics of good research questions:
1.Clarity. Clearly state what you want to do.
2.Concise. Not too broad and not too specific.
3.Consistent. Aligned to the aims of the proposed research
4.Measurable within a specific time frame
5.Complex. Complex in a sense that allows you to analyze data,
interpret data and identify findings.

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RESEARCH METHODOLY

RESEARCH DESIGNS:
1. Qualitative Research Design: Qualitative research is
implemented in cases where a relationship between collected
data and observation is established on the basis of mathematical
calculations. Theories related to a naturally existing phenomenon
can be proved or disproved using mathematical calculations.
Researchers rely on qualitative research design where they are
expected to conclude “why” a particular theory exists along with
“what” respondents have to say about it. Researcher uses five
senses to make observations.

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RESEARCH METHODOLY

2.
  Quantitative Research Design: Quantitative research is
implemented in cases where it is important for a researcher to
have statistical conclusions to collect actionable insights.
Numbers provide a better perspective to make important business
decisions. Quantitative research design is important for the
growth of any organization because any conclusion drawn on the
basis of numbers and analysis will only prove to be effective for
the business.

   
   
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 Plan for Data Analysis

Details of the methods of data analysis are given. Techniques (ex:

quantitative/statistical, qualitative, or both methods), as well as tools (ex: Mean,
T-test, f-test, ect ) to be employed are specified.

The selected methods of data analysis are shown to be appropriate to the nature
of the data/information to be gathered and for addressing the research questions.

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Ethical Issues

1. Observe the highest ethical standards. Violators will be

blacklisted from future grants

2. Researchers shall refer to the

a. DepEd Child Protection Policy (DO 40, s. 2012)

b. National IPEd Framework (DO 62, s. 2011).

3. Observe free, prior, and informed consent Works should be

original; and,

4. Intellectual and cultural property must be respected; with proper

referencing and citation
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   GANTT CHART

The research proposal A detailed work plan in the form of a GANTT

includes a list of major Chart is provided covering start to completion of
activities and their the research. Timelines are realistic and show
timelines concretely how the research will unfold over the
allowed period. The overall plan reflects the
proponent’s capacity to concretize ideas into clear
and sequential steps to be undertaken.

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 GANTT CHART
MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT DEC

ACTIVITIES
                 
Writing the Research Proposal
                 
Data Gathering
                 
Submission of the research Proposal to DO
                 
Evaluation of the Research Proposal
                 
Revision of the Research Proposal
                 
Submission of the Final Copy of Proposal for BERF approval

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 GANTT CHART
MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT DEC

ACTIVITIES
                 
Implementation of the Research
                 
Data Coding
                 
Statistical Analysis of the data
                 
Writing the Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of data
                 
Writing the draft Final Report for correction
                 
Incorporation of suggestions
                 
Submission of Final Report

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 COST ESTIMATES

The research proposal includes a list of major items and

their estimated costs. The total cost is shown. A detailed
breakdown of items with their corresponding costs
reasonably reflect the funding needs of the research and
adheres to the BERF guidelines. The overall plan reflects
the proponents capacity to project specific expenses that he
or she will be accountable for.

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 Activity Estimate
Item Unit Qty Cost Total
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A. Supplies and Materials         17,290

Preparation of research papers

and other documents
Laser Bond-short - A4 reams 10 190 1,900

 
Computer Ink (L210) set 6 1,700 10,200
  Folder-A4 pcs 20 7 140
  Correction Tape pcs 10 35 350
  Post it (4x4) pad 10 50 500
  Notebook(Sterling) pcs 10 60 600
  Cellphone load pcs 6 300 1,800
  Internet Load pcs 6 300 1,800
B. Domestic Travel Expenses          
B.1 Coaching/TA for the

paper 24
finalization of the research SDO-Baguio
van Back & forth 340 x 2 680.00
  Van Station- RO taxi back N forth 110.00 x2 220.00
B.2 Orientation & Signing of
SDO-Baguio
MOA van Back & forth 340 x 2 680.00
  Van Station- RO taxi back N forth 110.00 x2 220.00
B.3 Submission of deliverables          
B.3.1 1st Deliverables SDO-Baguio van Back & forth 340 x 2 680.00
  Van Station- RO taxi back N forth 110.00 x2 220.00
B.3.2 2nd Deliverables SDO-Baguio van Back & forth 340 x 2 680.00
  Van Station- RO taxi back N forth 110.00 x2 220.00
B.3.3 3rd Deliverables SDO-Baguio van Back & forth 340 x 2 680.00
back N 110.00
  Van Station- RO
taxi forth x2 220.00
E. Reproduction/
Printing/ Binding Costs          
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E.1 Photocopy of
questionnaire checklist
for administration to
Reproduction set 650 2.5 1,625
target schools in each
district to include the dry
run copy(5 pages)
E.2 Reproduction of
research copies and Reproduction &
bookbinding bookbinding copies 6 150 900.00
F. Other Expenses          
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F.1 Coaching/TA for the
finalization of the
research paper accommodation per night 1 400 400.00
E.2 Orientation & Signing
of MOA accommodation   1 400 400
F.3 Submission of
deliverables accommodation   3 400 1,200
TOTAL         P17,365
  
 PLANS FOR DISSEMINATION AND ADVOCACY

Indicate how the results of the research will be cascaded to the intended
users of the research findings . Indicate how the results of the research
will be disseminated to a wider education community and for specific
groups of people like teachers, students, parents and stakeholders. To
maximize dissemination, state if results will be shared during LAC
sessions, research forums, research conferences, or through brochures or
flyers.

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REFERENCES

Use APA 6th edition guidelines.

 
 
 

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Example
Talty, S. (2009). The illustrious dead: The terrifying story of how typhus killed Napoleon's
greatest army. 

   New York, NY: Crown.

Explanation
Author: Talty, S.
Begin with last name first, abbreviate first and middle names (if applicable). End with a
period.   

Year of Publication: (2009).
In parentheses, list the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title
page verso (back side of title page). Follow the parentheses with a period. 

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 OTHER TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
• Size of bond paper- A4
• Margins – 1” top, bottom and
sides
• Indention – 1” indention on the
first word of each paragraph
• Font- arial
• Font size – 11 for all pages
except title page (12)
• Spacing – the entire research is
double spaced
• Paging – insert page numbers
justified to the upper right. Do
not put pg, page, or page 1 of
20, just plain number
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 SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF IFUGAO
IN TERMS OF ACCESS, QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY
 
 

A Basic Research
Submitted to the
Regional Research Review Committee (DRRC)
Under the Basic Education Research Fund
 
    
 
Submitted by:
 
 
MERCEDES T. TAYABAN
Education Program Specialist 2
Schools Division Office-Ifugao
 
  
  
  31
March 2020
 POLICY SUPPORT

DO 39, s. 2016
Basic Education Research Agenda

TEACHING AND LEARNING

CHILD PROTECTION
HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT
GOVERNANCE
 POLICY SUPPORT

DO 39, s. 2016
Basic Education Research Agenda

GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND

MANAGEMENT

INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
 DIVISION SCHOOL

• Division-wide, • Research that is

district-wide, or classroom-based or
covering at least school/CLC-wide in
scope
two districts
How • Not more than
• Not more than
c h? PHP30k
150k
m u • 6 months max
• 1 year max

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