bauhaus

AR316 - Art in Architecture

 table of contents

Walter
about
Gropius

Van der
works
Rohe
“Art into Industry.”
 about bauhaus
The Bauhaus was a school of design, architecture, and applied arts
established by German architect Walter Gropius in Weimar, Germany
in 1919.

● Weimar
● Dessau
● Berlin

The school eventually morphed into its own modern art movement
characterized by its unique approach to architecture and design.

Today, Bauhaus is renowned for both its unique aesthetic that

inventively combines the fine arts with arts and crafts as well as its
enduring influence on modern and contemporary art.
 main principles

● Emphasis on technology
● Simplicity and minimalism
● Truth to materials
● A holistic approach to design
● Continuous development and innovation.

“Arts and architecture were to lead back to craftsmanship.”

～ Gropius

He aimed to create one style that would unify architecture, fine arts, and crafts. He embraced the
philosophy of Gesamtkunstwerk, the “total work of art” and reformulated it into “Total Design”,
intending to convey the famous idea through a “new guild of craftsmen” into all aspects of modern
life.
Walter Gropius

The German American architect and educator who, particularly as director

of the Bauhaus, exerted a major influence on the development of modern
architecture.

“breathe a soul into the dead product of the machine.”

He was against imitation, snobbery, and dogma in the arts and cautioned
against such oversimplification as the notion that the function of a product
should determine its appearance.

He spoke of the architect’s duty to encompass the total visual

environment.
Van der Rohe

The German-born American architect whose rectilinear forms, crafted in

elegant simplicity, epitomized the International Style of architecture.

“Less is more.”
Marcel Breuer’s
chair
Marcel Breuer's classic Model B3 chair is
a revolutionary take on the classic
upholstered 'club chair' of the nineteenth
century drawing room.

A sleek amalgamation of curving,

overlapping stainless steel tubes, with taut
rectangular fabric panels floating like
geometric forms in space.
 the Barcelona
chair
It is supported on each side by two
chrome-plated, flat steel bars.

Seen from the side, the single curve of the bar

forming the chair's back and front legs crosses the
S-curve of the bar forming the seat and back legs,
making an intersection of the two.

The cantilevered seat and the back of the original

chairs were upholstered in white kid leather with
welt and button details.
Fagus factory

A shoe factory erected in 1910 Leine, Germany.

The architects aimed to create an attractive
working environment, which at the time was far
from usual.

The focus of the ensemble is the main building

with its strikingly large glass façade, which
extends across three stories. Its corners, where the
two glass walls meet, are entirely without
supports.

Since 2011, this elaborately restored and

modernized building complex has been a
UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Barcelona pavilion

Originally named the German Pavilion, the

pavilion was the face of Germany after WWI,
emulating the nation’s progressively modern
culture that was still rooted in its classical history.

Unlike other pavilions at the exposition, Mies

understood his pavilion simply as a building and
nothing more, it would not house art or sculpture
rather the pavilion would be a place of tranquility
and escape from the exposition, in effect
transforming the pavilion into an inhabitable
sculpture.
This complex work is built
up around three key
visual areas, dominated by
yellow, red, and blue
shapes respectively.
thanks!
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A Mohamed Rafee (20218001)
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