Bones

 Bone consists of solid mineral phase, an organic matrix of

osteoid and bone cells- osteocyte, osteoblasts and
osteoclasts.
 BLOOD SUPPLY:
 1. nutrient artery accounting for the richly vascularized
medulla.
 2. penetrating periosteal vessel
Bone formation ( ossification)
 Ossification defined as process of connective tissues
differentiation.
 Calcification is the term applied to the deposition of calcium
in tissue.
 Metastatic calcification occurs when calcium is removed from
the bone for e.g hyperparathyroidism.
Joints
 Cartilage joints: is usually of fibrocartilage type. For e.g
symphysis pubis, .intervertebral disk and sternoclavicular
joints.
 Fibrous joints: found in sutures, btw radius and ulna or tibia
and fibula.
 Synovial joints: joints are fingers, toes and knee, hip and
sacroiliac joint.
X-ray: (Wilhelm konrad rontgen
1895)
 Views: anterior-posterior view , posterior-anterior view
&Lateral view.
 REPORTS:
 Name of doctor:
 His qualification
 Complete add with telephone numbers
 Patient name age and sex with date
 Details of bones:
 Details of Cartilage:
 Details of Soft tissue:
 RECOMMENDATION:
 Describe every positive findings:
 Describe negative findings also which help in reaching a
diagnosis:
 If patient is to be examined further give instruction:
Provisional diagnosis:
 If you are very sure of diagnosis clearly mention it and ask I
to correlate clinically.
 If you not sure give provisional diagnosis and write
differential diagnosis giving 3- more probabilities looking like.
THE END